Guatemalan election may spark political fireworks
BY KAREN L. SHAW AND GLENN GARVIN
GUATEMALA CITY -- Climaxing a month of religious processions and
Christmas
parties, Guatemalans will almost certainly choose an admitted
killer for their
president when they go to the polls Sunday in their first election
since the end of
a 36-year civil war.
Opposition candidate Alfonso Portillo, 48, who fell just a few
thousand votes short
of winning the presidency outright in the first round of voting
last month, is a huge
favorite in the runoff.
Several polls -- including one released last week by the Costa
Rican firm Borge
and Associates -- show Portillo with a lead of 35 percentage
points or more over
his only opponent, former Guatemala City Mayor Oscar Berger.
``The results of the Borge poll show that Sunday we will demolish
them, and I will
be the next president,'' Portillo said.
Less partisan analysts agree. ``Statistically, Berger would need
a miracle to win,''
said Indian activist and political columnist Estuardo Zepeta.
Portillo was running a lackluster second to Berger earlier in
the year, before he
admitted -- some say boasted -- that he killed two law professors
in a 1982 bar
brawl while living in exile in Mexico. Soon after that, he zoomed
past Berger in the
polls and has never looked back.
The two victims in 1982 were Portillo's rivals for the deanship
of the law school
where he was teaching. He says he killed them in self-defense;
the victims'
families say they were unarmed. A warrant was issued for Portillo's
arrest, but
police never caught him and the statute of limitations has long
since expired.
AWKWARD SITUATIONS
Mexican diplomats look uncomfortable when asked how they'll get
along with a
president who killed two of their countrymen, but ultimately
answer that their
relationship is with the nation of Guatemala, not any particular
president.
But a real diplomatic contretemps may develop over the founder
of Portillo's
Guatemalan Republican Front (FRG) party, former Gen. Efrain Rios
Montt, who is
expected to be president of the next Congress.
When he was running Guatemala as a military strongman in the early
1980s,
Rios Montt directed a scorched-earth campaign against Marxist
guerrillas that
resulted in the execution of thousands of civilians. At the time,
Portillo was a
guerrilla sympathizer who was forced into exile.
Now an effort is under way to have Rios Montt arrested and extradited
to Spain to
face trial over those killings.
Rigoberta Menchu, an Indian activist who won the 1992 Nobel Peace
Prize, has
filed charges against Rios Montt and four former high-ranking
officials in his
regime.
Menchu filed the charges before the same Spanish judge whose efforts
to win the
extradition of former Chilean President Augusto Pinochet have
resulted in
Pinochet's arrest and detention in England.
Rios Montt has dismissed the charges as a political publicity
stunt and has said
he will not be afraid to travel outside Guatemala. But the criminal
charges appear
to have heightened tensions within the FRG, between forces loyal
to Rios Montt
and those who joined the party with Portillo.
EARLY SQUABBLING
Until recently, the seemingly strange alliance between a former
rightist general
and a former leftist guerrilla sympathizer united by their populism
had been
working rather well. But with victory near, supporters of the
two men have been
squabbling over the spoils of the election as well as old political
feuds dating to
the civil war. Portillo even snubbed the FRG's Christmas party,
sending his wife
instead.
``It's pretty amazing to see a winning party so divided, so publicly,
before it even
takes office,'' Zepeta observed.
Whatever political fireworks may come after the election, few
are expected
Sunday. Though accusations of fraud and incompetence flew after
the November
voting and led many diplomats to fear that the runoff election
could turn violent,
Portillo's huge lead -- coupled with the election's timing on
the day after
Christmas -- have lowered the tension.
``The date, the time, makes it very difficult for the people to
vote,'' said Aura
Marina de Leal, the 47-year-old director of a Spanish language
school. ``The most
important thing is that the people really return to vote.''