The Secretary of State to
the Secretary of Agriculture (Benson)[1]
CONFIDENTIAL
[WASHINGTON,
June 4, 1954.]
DEAR MR. SECRETARY:
I am seriously concerned to learn that United States sugar producers are
advocating that the Sugar Act,[2] which has run less than two years of its four‑year
extension be reopened to increase mainland cane and beet sugar quotas by
225,000 tons and to give domestic areas a 55 percent share in future increases
in United States consumption requirements. These modifications would increase
the participation of domestic areas almost entirely at the expense of Cuba. As
you will recall, beginning only last year domestic quotas were increased by
176,000 tons and the percentage participation of full‑duty countries was
trebled, with a corresponding reduction of the participation of Cuba in this
market.
The proposal of domestic sugar interests seems
inconsistent with the understanding when the Sugar Act was last extended that
quotas would not be changed during the four‑year period of its extension
in order to give foreign producers assurance of a stable United States market
for a definite term and Cuba in particular the benefit of increases in United
States consumption.
This loss was an attempt to compensate Cuba for the
loss of approximately 240,000 tons of our market, and even this benefit would
be lost if the Act is now further amended as proposed.
The proposal of the domestic sugar producers if
adopted would seriously injure the Cuban economy, which is already suffering
from severe curtailment of sugar production, greatly reduced exports and lower
prices. It would inevitably be followed by decreased United States agricultural
and industrial exports to this sixth best United States market and possibly by
exchange controls and import restrictions. It would be inconsistent with our
cooperation with Cuba to obtain an international sugar agreement, and bitter
repayment for Cuba's effective efforts, which United States producers have
commended, to stabilize the sugar market. It would seem to ignore the fact that
Cuba has been a reliable expansible source of sugar in both war and peace, a
strategic concept which should not be jeopardized. Finally the proposed
reduction of Cuban participation in our sugar market might easily tip the scales
to cause revolution in Cuba, and would certainly increase instability and
promote anti‑American feeling and communist activity in an area of great
strategic and economic importance to the United States.
The Department of State consequently opposes the proposed
modification of the Sugar Act as prejudicial to our relations with the
Republic of Cuba and inimical to the preservation of the important strategic
and economic interest of the United States in Cuba and the entire Caribbean
area.[3]
Sincerely yours,
[JOHN
FOSTER DULLES]
[1] The source text, which is neither initialed nor
signed, was drafted by Paul E. Callahan of the Agricultural Products Staff,
with the assistance of Mr. Wellman; the file copy, presumably a copy of the
signed original, dated June 4, 1954, was not found in the Department of State
files (811.235/6‑454).
[2] Reference is to the Sugar Act of 1948 (Public
Law 388), approved Aug. 8, 1947; for text, see 61 Stat. 922. The Sugar Act was
extended and amended in Public Law 140, approved Sept. 1, 1951; for text, see
65 Stat. 319.
[3] In a reply dated June 18, 1954, Secretary Benson
stated that Secretary Dulles' letter provided helpful guidance for the
Department of Agriculture with respect to the conferences it was holding with
representatives of the sugar industry. He further stated that it appeared that
progress was being made toward achieving full consideration of the matter prior
to any legislative action concerning sugar (811.235/6‑1854).