Southern Reconstruction

Click on the pictures


 
 



 
 


The traveler.

 






 
 
     "The First Vote." The artisan with his tools, an
      urbanite, and a soldier.
Electioneering at the South. (Harper's Weekly, July 25, 1868)

 
 
Thomas Nast, Harper's Weekly, March 29, 1879


 


ARTICLES
War Clouds in South Carolina the White and Black Clans Gathering for Battle Parade of the New Rifle Clubs New York Herald, May 4, 1871, 3
Carolina Corruption. More Samples of the Official Robbery of the Palmetto State New York Herald, March 5, 1878, 7
Hargis, Peggy G. For the Love of Place: Paternalism and Patronage in the Georgia Lowcountry, 1865-1898, The Journal of Southern History, Vol. 70, No. 4 (Nov., 2004), pp. 825-864
 

BOOKS
de la Cova, Antonio Rafael. Ambrosio Gonzales: Reconstruction Retailer (2003)
Fleming, Walter L., ed. Documents Relating to Reconstruction (1905)
_____. Documentary History of Reconstruction, Vol. II (1907)
Reynolds, John S. Reconstruction in South Carolina, 1865-1877 (1905)
Thompson, C. Mildred. Reconstruction in Georgia: Economic, Social, Political 1865-1872 (1915)
 

Constitutional Amendments and Major Civil Rights Acts of Congress
Ku Klux Klan Conspiracy 1871 Congressional Testimony Documents
 

Government Documents
Freedmen's Bureau, Subordinate Field Offices in Florida, 1866-67
Letters Received by the Office of the Adjutant General, 1866, Florida
Pardons by President Andrew Johnson for Alabama, Virginia, and Georgia, Dec. 4, 1867
Removal of the Hon. E. M. Stanton and Others, Nov. 26, 1867
 

VIDEOS
Reconstruction (History Channel)
Civil War Reconstruction
Aftershock: Beyond the Civil War
The Presidents: Andrew Johnson to Arthur 1865-1885
 

TESTIMONY TAKEN BY THE JOINT SELECT COMMITTEE TO INQUIRE INTO THE CONDITION OF AFFAIRS IN THE LATE INSURRECTIONARY STATES: THE KU-KLUX CONSPIRACY
Committee Report
North Carolina
South Carolina I
South Carolina II
Georgia I
Georgia II
Alabama I
Alabama II
Alabama III
Mississippi I
Mississippi II
Miscellaneous and Florida

Armed Freedmen ordered to Demopolis, Alabama, Sept. 1, 1868
Wade Hampton: Outrages cased by "ill-conduct and maladministration of the State government"

REPORT AND TESTIMONY OF THE SELECT COMMITTEE OF THE U.S. SENATE TO INVESTIGATE THE CAUSES
OF THE REMOVAL OF THE NEGROES FROM THE SOUTHERN STATES TO THE NORTHERN STATES
Senate Report 693, Part 1, 46th Congress, 2nd Session, 1880
Senate Report 693, Part 2, 46th Congress, 2nd Session, 1880
Senate Report 693, Part 3, 46th Congress, 2nd Session, 1880
 

FREEDMAN'S BANK

Investigation of the Bank, Postal Savings Bank Hearings, 1909
Report of the House Select Committee on the Freedman's Bank, May 19, 1876
A Startling Record: Gen. Oliver Howard, Camden Democrat (NJ), April 16, 1870, 2
The Freedmen's Savings Bank: Frederick Douglass Elected President, Evening Post (NY), March 20, 1874, 4
President Frederick Douglass's Statement, Boston Daily Advertiser, April 29, 1874, 1
Frederick Douglass, President of the Late Freedmen's Bank, Plain Dealer (Cleveland), Feb. 2, 1875, 4
A Colored Leader Speaks, Camden Democrat (Camden, NJ), July 10, 1875, 2
Sambo's Savings. How Loyal Radical Thieves Managed To Steal The Earnings Of The Freedmen, Patriot (Harrisburg-PA), May 22, 1876, 5
Thomas Nast cartoon, Harper's Weekly, March 29, 1879
A Cruel Fraud: The Freedmen's Bank Swindle, Wheeling Register (Wheeling, WV), Feb. 17, 1880, 1
The Freedmen's Bank: Full Story of that Mismanaged Institution, Indianapolis Sentinel, March 17, 1880, 7
 

NORTHERN TEACHERS
Charlotte L. Forten Grimké (1837-1914)

Billington, Ray Allen. A Social Experiment: The Port Royal Journal of Charlotte L. Forten 1862-1863. The Journal of Negro History, July 1950.
Charlotte Forten, Warminster, PA 1850 census
Charlotte Forten, Luzerne, PA 1860 census
Charlotte Forten, 1870 Boston Directory
Charlotten Forten, 1874 Washington, DC Directory
Charlotten Forten, 1879 Washington, DC Directory
Charlotte Forten, Washington, DC 1880 census
Charlotte Forten, Washington, DC 1910 census
 

Laura Mathilde Towne (May 3, 1825-Feb. 22, 1901)

Laura M. Towne 1870 St. Helena, SC census (5 Black servants, 2 illiterate)
Laura M. Towne 1880 St. Helena, SC census (2 Black servants, 1 illiterate)
 

Elizabeth H. Botume
Botume, Elizabeth H., 1860 Boston census
 

HAWKS, JOHN M. (1826-1910)

Test Oath. Nov. 29, 1867
The First Freedmen to Become Soldiers

STEVENS, THADDEUS (April 4, 1792-Aug. 11, 1868)

Thaddeus Stevens (Wikipedia)
Thaddeus Stevens And The Media (Video)
Death of Thaddeus Stevens (NY Evening Post, Aug. 12, 1868, 2)
Death of Thaddeus Stevens (Richmond Whig, Aug. 14, 1868, 1)
Death of Thaddeus Stevens (Alexandria-Gazette, Aug. 12, 1868, 2)
Death of Thaddeus Stevens (NY Herald Tribune, Aug. 13, 1868, 1)
 

THOMAS NAST CARTOONS

Harper's Weekly 1863-1879
 

Contracts with Freedmen Charleston Courier, Dec. 28, 1865
Contract of Allan Macfarlan and 29 freedmen and women, January 27, 1866, Chesterfield County, S.C.
 

Testimony of Washington Willis (colored) Nov. 17, 1871: He was invited to join KKK which had other Black members
The Ku-Klux Klan, Richmond Whig, March 17, 1868, 2
The Ku Klux Klan, Times Picayune, March 18, 1868, 1
High Handed Outrages by the Ku Klux Klan, New York Tribune, March 30, 1868, 1
Negro Ku-Klux, Savannah Morning News, March 8, 1870
Ku-Klux in Georgia, New York Sun, July 11, 1871, 1
Raid on a camp of the Outlaws (New York Tribune, Sept. 12, 1871, 1)
A Body Snatcher Convicted, Cincinnati Daily Gazette, Dec. 24 1879, 1
 

A proclamation by his excellency the Governor of North Carolina, Oct. 20, 1869
H. E. C. Bryant, New York Herald, to S.C. Gov. Thomas McLeod, Oct. 16, 1923, regarding Negro migration movement (McLeod Papers, Alphabetical Files, Box 1, South Carolina Department of Archives and History)
N. A. Patterson to S.C. Gov. Thomas McLeod, Oct. 14, 1923, regarding exodus of the Negro to the North and importing Mexican farm labor to S.C. (McLeod Papers, Alphabetical Files, Box 1, South Carolina Department of Archives and History)
Edward Nelson, to S.C. Gov. Thomas McLeod, Nov. 12, 1923, asks for a parole that will allow him to return to S.C. (McLeod Papers, Alphabetical Files, Box 1, South Carolina Department of Archives and History)
 

RIOTS

Reconstruction riots
 

CHARLESTON RIOT JUNE 28, 1866
Richard M. Branford, Co. A, S.C. Siege Train, 1863
Richard M. Branford death record, June 28, 1866
Death of a Prisoner Charged with Homicide Charleston Courier, April 18, 1867, 2
Almost Hung, N.Y. Evening Post, June 18, 1867, 3
Executive pardon of John Jenkins, convicted of killing Richard M. Branford, Feb. 12, 1868
Justice in South Carolina, N.Y. Herald Tribune, Feb. 19, 1868, 4
 

COLFAX MASSACRE

William S. Calhoun, 1870 census
Grant Parish: The Massacre a Most Terrible One (New York Times, April 18, 1873, 1)
Peace Being Restored in the Parishes (New York Times, April 21, 1873, 1)
One of the Victims of the Colfax Massacre (New York Times, April 26, 1873, 9)
The Colfax, La. Massacre: Flight of the Postmaster (New York Times, April 29, 1873, 1)
The Day Freedom Died: The Colfax Massacre, the Supreme Court, and the Betrayal of Reconstruction (The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, Summer 2008)