Peoples, in their constant efforts for the
triumph of the ideal of liberty and justice, are forced, at precise historical
moments, to make their greatest
sacrifices.
Our beloved country has reached one of those
moments. A force of tyranny which we Mexicans were not accustomed to suffer
after we won our
independence oppresses us in such a manner
that it has become intolerable. In exchange for that tyranny we are offered
peace, but peace full of shame
for the Mexican nation, because its basis
is not law, but force; because its object is not the aggrandizement and
prosperity of the country, but to enrich a
small group who, abusing their influence,
have converted the public charges into fountains of exclusively personal
benefit, unscrupulously exploiting the
manner of lucrative concessions and contracts.
The legislative and judicial powers are completely
subordinated to the executive; the division of powers, the sovereignty
of the States, the liberty of the
common councils, and the rights of the citizens
exist only in writing in our great charter; but, as a fact, it may almost
be said that martial law constantly
exists in Mexico; the administration of justice,
instead of imparting protection to the weak, merely serves to legalize
the plunderings committed by the
strong; the judges instead of being the representatives
of justice, are the agents of the executive, whose interests they faithfully
serve; the chambers of the
union have no other will than that of the
dictator; the governors of the States are designated by him and they in
their turn designate and impose in like
manner the municipal authorities.
From this it results that the whole administrative,
judicial, and legislative machinery obeys a single will, the caprice of
General Porfirio Diaz, who during
his long administration has shown that the
principal motive that guides him is to maintain himself in power and at
any cost.
For many years profound discontent has been
felt throughout the Republic, due to such a system of government, but General
Diaz with great cunning
and perseverance, has succeeded in annihilating
all independent elements, so that it was not possible to organize any sort
of movement to take from him
the power of which he made such bad use. The
evil constantly became worse, and the decided eagerness of General Diaz
to impose a successor upon
the nations in the person of Mr. Ramon Corral
carried that evil to its limit and caused many of us Mexicans, although
lacking recognized political
standing, since it had been impossible to
acquire it during the 36 years of dictatorship, to throw ourselves into
the struggle to recover the sovereignty of
the people and their rights on purely democratic
grounds....
In Mexico, as a democratic Republic, the public
power can have no other origin nor other basis than the will of the people,
and the latter can not be
subordinated to formulas to be executed in
a fraudulent manner. . . ,
For this reason the Mexican people have protested
against the illegality of the last election and, desiring to use successively
all the recourses offered by
the laws of the Republic, in due form asked
for the nullification of the election by the Chamber of Deputies, notwithstanding
they recognized no legal
origin in said body and knew beforehand that,
as its members were not the representatives of the people, they would carry
out the will of General Diaz,
to whom exclusively they owe their investiture.
In such a state of affairs the people, who
are the only sovereign, also protested energetically against the election
in imposing manifestations in different
parts of the Republic; and if the latter were
not general throughout the national territory, It was due to the terrible
pressure exercised by the
Government, which always quenches in blood
any democratic manifestation, as happened in Puebla, Vera Cruz, Tlaxcala,
and in other places.
But this violent and illegal system can no longer subsist.
I have very well realized that if the people
have designated me as their candidate. for the Presidency it is not because
they have had an opportunity to
discover in me the qualities of a statesman
or of a ruler, but the virility of the patriot determined to sacrifice
himself, if need be, to obtain liberty and to
help the people free themselves from the odious
tyranny that oppresses them.
From the moment I threw myself into the democratic
struggle I very well knew that General Diaz would not bow to the will of
the nation, and the noble
Mexican people, in following me to the polls,
also knew perfectly the outrage that awaited them; but in spite of it,
the people gave the cause of liberty a
numerous contingent of martyrs when they were
necessary and with wonderful stoicism went to the polls and received every
sort of molestation.
But such conduct was indispensable to show
to the whole world that the Mexican people are fit for democracy, that
they are thirsty for liberty, and that
their present rulers do not measure up to
their aspirations.
Besides, the attitude of the people before
and during the election, as well as afterwards, shows clearly that they
reject with energy the Government of
General Diaz and that, if those electoral
rights had been respected, I would have been elected for President of the
Republic.
Therefore, and in echo of the national will,
I declare the late election illegal and, the Republic being accordingly
without rulers, provisionally assume the
Presidency of the Republic until the people
designate their rulers pursuant to the law. In order to attain this end,
it is necessary to eject from power the
audacious usurpers whose only title of legality
involves a scandalous and immoral fraud.
With all honesty I declare that it would be
a weakness on my part and treason to the people, who have placed their
confidence in me, not to put myself
at the front of my fellow citizens, who anxiously
call me from all parts of the country, to compel General Diaz by force
of arms, to respect the national
will.