Granma International
January 18, 2002

Mexican legislators urge finding a way to end the blockade

                   • 132 parliamentarians visiting the island for centenary of bilateral
                   relations meet with Fidel

                   BY MARIA VICTORIA VALDÉS-RODDA (Granma International staff writer)

                   "IN line with international law, a way must be found to end the
                   blockade because, like other nations, Cuba’s sovereignty and
                   self-determination has to be respected."

                   That exhortation was part of a statement read out by Gustavo
                   Carvajal, president of the Foreign Relations Committee of the Mexican
                   Chamber of Deputies, on behalf of a delegation of 132 deputies from that
                   country who met with President Fidel Castro at the end of a visit to the
                   island.

                   Carvajal explained that the visit, sponsored by the Mexico-Cuba
                   Friendship Group in the Congress, was aimed at increasing solidarity
                   and understanding between the two peoples.

                   Fidel described Cuban-Mexican relations as very good and expressed
                   his admiration for that people. "I remember the first time that
                   Vicente Fox came to Cuba when he was governor of Guanajuato.
                   There have been many changes since then and many new issues to
                   discuss," he added.

                   Referring to relations with the United States and in response to a
                   question from a Mexican journalist, Fidel, evoking the words of a
                   famous writer, stated: "No news on that front."

                   Curiosity and a desire to listen prevailed in the auditorium where
                   representatives of five of Mexico’s most important political parties
                   were gathered. Their basic common denominator in foreign relations
                   is unanimous support of Cuba and opposition to the U.S. blockade of
                   the island.

                   An interest in learning more about women’s participation in leadership
                   positions, the number of young people in the ranks of the
                   Communist Party of Cuba, long-term educational plans for infants
                   and juniors, the potential of Cuban science and the global situation
                   framed the content of the meeting.

                   "Space has to be given to reason and intelligence, peace is a question
                   of reason and intelligence," the Cuban president noted in response to
                   comments by Senator Ricardo Alaniz Posada of the state of
                   Guanajuato, who expressed his conviction that the U.S. economic
                   blockade of Cuba should be lifted for once and for all.

                   The renewal of peace talks in Colombia between the government and
                   the Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARC) was evaluated
                   by the Cuban leader as "very good news given that it is a very bad
                   time for a violent war." In another part of his address he emphasized
                   Cuba’s interest in both sides sitting down again to talk, assuring that
                   "sooner or later any peace mission will be successful."

                   WOMEN COMPRISE 65% OF THE WORKFORCE

                   Deputy Patricia Aguilar expressed her thanks for the opportunity of
                   being given an accurate and palpable panorama of Cuban events, and
                   her constant interest in learning more. She made specific reference
                   to women’s involvement and levels of participation in state issues.
                   Appealing to Fidel’s gender, she asked him to comment on his
                   personal view of women.

                   Linking the past and present, the likewise president of the Councils of
                   State and Ministers highlighted the dignity achieved by Cuban women
                   after the Revolution, which offered them the unique opportunity to
                   leave aside their traditional secondary role in the shadow of men.

                   Fidel covered a spectrum of women soldiers in the Sierra Maestra,
                   internationalist doctors and nurses, present-day educators, the
                   mothers who forged new generations and who are active fighters in
                   the battle of ideas. Nevertheless, he confirmed that he was not
                   happy with the limited presence of women in state and Party
                   leadership positions, although he praised their involvement in the
                   mass organizations.

                   He noted the high degree of equality, dignity and respect earned by
                   Cuban women at the cost of a sacrifice "represented by 65% of the
                   island’s technical force comprising women."

                   ACCUMULATED SOCIAL PROBLEMS AND SATISFACTION AT
                   THE SOLUTION OF OTHERS

                   Fidel covered subjects such as the quality of elementary education
                   and the satisfactory management of Spanish language and spelling,
                   computer science as an instrument for multifaceted learning at all
                   educational levels, the role of young people in the current ideological
                   battle and as an positive influence in terms of inadequate cultural
                   standards.

                   He also mentioned with concern the current housing shortage and
                   marginality as a way of life in one sector of the Cuban population, for
                   him key issues constituting a challenge to any government.

                   Nevertheless, he detailed Cuba’s major achievements in the care of
                   people with disabilities as well as advances in the National AIDS
                   Program, to which the state donates ample resources for AIDS
                   sufferers. He affirmed that the fatal disease is well controlled in
                   relation to infection levels on other continents, particularly Africa.

                   DESTRUCTION OF NATURAL RESOURCES THE GRAVEST
                   THREAT TO HUMANITY

                   In response to concerns expressed by Congress member Sílvia
                   Alvarez in relation to science and human life, the Cuban leader
                   expressed confidence in its weight as a productive force while
                   accusing the capitalist system with responsibility for the misery of
                   many peoples in the world. He also spoke of the danger of human
                   extinction if radical and concrete measures are not taken in favor of
                   the environment.

                   "Initially it seemed to be a panic by certain scientists or defeatist
                   groups calling attention to environmental problems, but today it is a
                   genuine fact that the destruction of natural resources constitutes the
                   gravest threat to the species."

                   He compared planetary life with science fiction movies on stating: "At
                   times we feel as if we are all in the same boat, on board The Titanic
                   which is going to crash into Greenland. That’s where humanity is
                   going. But only one social system is responsible for that destruction."

                   WE RESERVE A SPECIAL AFFECTION FOR MEXICANS

                   This broad delegation of 132 members of the Mexican parliament
                   marked a new stage in mutual ties, according to Alberto Anaya,
                   President of the Mexico-Cuba Friendship Association, who stated:
                   "The undertaking of initiating commemorations for the centenary of
                   relations between the two sister nations was what brought us here.
                   However, there are other reasons for this official visit."

                   Foreign Relations Committee president Gustavo Carvajal affirmed
                   that the presence of so many parliamentary members constitutes an
                   unprecedented event not only for relations between legislative
                   bodies, but also for both peoples.

                   "Of course, we are seeking twinning with the Cuban Parliament and
                   to contribute to fortifying trade, cultural, scientific, and educational
                   relations in every sphere; however, above all, this visit comes from
                   the desire to continue the union between us."

                   Mexico honored José Martí, Cuba’s national hero, when members of
                   its Congress laid floral tributes at the base of the monument to the
                   man who had a very close cultural and human identification with the
                   Mexicans who supported him during his struggles against the Spanish
                   metropolis.

                   Eusebio Leal, city historian and president of the Cuba-Mexico Society,
                   spoke of this shared part of our histories while touring the streets of
                   Old Havana with the delegation.

                   An intense program took them also to witness hands-on advances in
                   science and technology at the Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
                   Center. The Mexican delegation likewise visited schools representing
                   various levels of education, and learnt of Cuban realities in prolonged
                   meetings with the principal national leaders.

                   Undoubtedly, as Senator Alaniz Posada informed Granma
                   International: "The exchange with Fidel was the high point, the
                   greatest expectation of the visit and the most important moment."

                   For his part, Fidel affirmed: "we have great affection for the Mexican
                   people and have maintained uninterrupted relations over the years
                   with them, setting an example for the continent. For that reason we
                   reserve a special affection for them."