PENNSYLVANIA AT GETTYSBURG

VOLUME II

DEDICATION 0F MONUMENT
114th REGIMENT INFANTRY
NOVEMBER 11, 1888
ADDRESS OF CAPTAIN A. W. GIVIN

COMRADES: A pleasant duty has been assigned me, that of transferring to the custody of the Battlefield Memorial Association this statue, and in doing so I may he permitted to say a few words of commendation to the Committee: also to compliment the artist on the completion of such a beautiful piece of work.

To the Committee I can say, comrades, your days, weeks, yea months of labor, thought and study have been rewarded in the production of the figure standing now before us.

In the selection of a subject none better could have been chosen, for here we have a foe simile of our own regiment: and in the choice of the artist we can say you did wisely. And to the artist, Edward A. Kreteliman, who has carried out in every particular and detail the will and wish of the Committee, thereby giving to us a statue which he and we today feel proud of.

Standing as it does looking to our left which is being driven back, is preparing to give them another shot. This may appear to be the production of the imagination of the artist's brain, but it is not. It is a reality as some of you now standing here can testify. Men of the One hundred and fourteenth stood as this man stands, contesting the ground inch by inch.

The artist has given to him ay expression of determination. He is fighting freedom's battle, the enemy must be driven back. Long marches, short rations, little rest or sleep weaves into the knitted brow a look of firmness. The compressed lips could they be opened would say emphatically, "The enemy must be driven back!" But I must pass on and ask the question, "what meaneth this?" I will answer, "To the memory of the brave men of the One hundred and fourteenth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. Those who survive as well as to those who have fallen, is this monument dedicated."

Those who marched that long and weary march through rain and mud from Emmitsburg to Gettysburg, on the 30th day of June, well remember how you were urged forward by the heavy firing to the right, hurriedly passing up this very road and by this very place, and as the sun sank behind those hills in the west, found you in the rear of the Twelfth Corps, near Cemetery Hill. Then moved from one position to another until dawn of day found you on that ridge, at the edge of the wheat-field, supporting E First Rhode Island Battery, Lieutenant John K. Bucklyn in charge, and remaining there until the battery was compelled to limber up and go to the rear. Then a charge was made. Men sprang forward ready to meet the advancing enemy. And here I world cull a few words from the report of Major-Genera I Lafayette McLaws, commanding the division of Confederates in our front, in giving a description of the charge, "Very soon a heavy column moved in two lines of battle across the wheatfield to attack my position in such a manner as to take the Seventh South Carolina in the flank on the right." So much as the two lines as he says were seen moving forward he was mistaken, as there was only one line and that was not very heavy. The line advanced until they reached the road, and here I may be permitted to set to rights a matter that has given rise to considerable argument, and that is, some contend they climbed over the fence into the road, while others contend there was no fence. Both assertions are true. Our pioneers were sent out to remove the fence and had partly chopped it down when they were compelled to desist by the heavy picket firing, so that when the regiment advanced the right was compelled to jump the fence while the left had no fence to climb.

Upon reaching the road the enemy was seen advancing in two lines. Steadily they moved forward until both parties met at or near the old barn, when a fearful fight took place; better described by one of the brigade commanders of the Confederates, for he says in his report, "Within a few feet of each other these brave men, Confederates and Federals, maintained a desperate conflict."

How long you remained in this position we know not. The time when you left the position in the wheat-field to snake the charge was about 3 p. Ill. When you fell hack and the Fifth Corps came to take your place, and when the Baltimore pike wait reached the sun had gone down and it was quite dark. The brigade was assembled by break of day at or near "Devil's Den," and there rations were distributed. After partaking of something to eat the brigade was ordered to the support of the Second Corps, which was being pressed very heavily, and who needed support. The regiment lay in the rear of the Sixty-ninth Pennsylvania, and was able to assist in the loading of the pieces of the men of the Sixty-ninth. The balance of the time we spent in gathering up the muskets and burying the dead.

It was a sad 2nd sorrowful task to lay beneath the ground lie who had only a little while before been }roll, companion and tentmate, now mangled and torn, you not even able to recognize him. Then you remember the sickening sight that met your gaze as you advanced to where the old barn stood to find it in ashes and the charred remains of many of your companions. You could mark their graves as that of unknown. The wounded were taken up and taken to the hospital, many to die on the journey thither.

Comrades, this ground upon which we stand is consecrated ground, made so by the blood of our own comrades, being so freely shed upon it. Would I could give the names of those brave men. Let the llames of DeHaven and McCartney, whose names were hastily carved upon a board and placed at the head of their graves be ever remembered. The former, whose remains were transferred to the village cemetery, and whose grave every year is strewn with the choicest of roses, and whose memory is ever kept green, was my dear friend, he was my tentmate.

The brigade pitted against you was Barksdale's, of McLaws' Division, and was composed of Mississippi troops. Their loss was, killed, 105; wounded, 550; missing, 92; total, 747. Your loss as a brigade was 61 killed, 508 wounded, 171 missing; making a total of 740; seven less than the Confederates.

In looking over the figures given to us of the number of men engaged in this battle we find the Confederates had 9,536 cavalry, 4,460 artillery, 54,356 infantry; total, 68,352. In the battle 8,950 afterwards reported, making 77,302.

The Union army was composed of 12,978 cavalry, 7,183 artillery, 77,208 infantry; total 97,369. Afterwards reported, 4,310, making 101,679. The losses I am not able to give, but it is estimated that 60,000 men of both armies were lost, killed, wounded and missing.

And now, comrades, here let as renew our fealty to each other. Let the associations formed upon the battle-field, on the march and in camp, be of such a character that it will not be severed until the great reaper death shall put forth his sickle and we then be gathered home. Let us never neglect one thing: that is to strew in budding spring the graves of our brave comrades who sleep the last sleep and who have fought their last battle. When opportunity offers remember your living comrades and the widows and orphans of those who have gone:

ADDRESS OF LIEUTENANT-COLONEL E. R. BOWEN

THE object of this narrative is simply to record the part taken in the battle of Gettysburg by the One hundred and fourteenth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, as well-drilled and disciplined, as efficient and as brave a regiment as there was in the United States service during the rebellion; to show the zeal and alacrity with which it obeyed the orders given to it, and occupied the position to which it was assigned; to do honor and justice to its noble dead, who so willingly gave their lives, and to give due credit to its survivors, many of whom gave their limbs and their blood for the defense of their native State, and the flag of the Union and their country.

The One hundred and fourteenth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, with the Fifty-seventh Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, the Sixty-third Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, the Sixty-eighth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, the One hundred and fifth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers and the One hundred and forty-first Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, all, it will be noted, Pennsylvania troops, constituted the First Brigade, Brigadier-General Charles K. Graham, First Division, Major-General D. B. Birney, Third Corps, Major-General D. E. Sickles, Army of the Potomac, Major-General George G. Meade. The recital of the part taken in a general engagement by a regiment that is brigaded with others, is necessarily very much the same as that of the brigade of which it forms a part, and lacks the incidents and details of an account of a detached regiment's operations. It is not the intention of the speaker to make a report of the operations of the whole brigade, but to confine himself solely to the movements of his own regiment. Difficult as it is to do this, it is made much more difficult when it will be remembered that twenty-six years have elapsed since these events occurred, and that the writer is dependent mainly upon his own memory and that of his surviving comrades for the incidents that he narrates. Yet this much must be said of the whole brigade as a body, that it was stationed in the historic peach orchard and adjoining fields at the angle of the Third Corps in its advanced position, that there it nobly stood its ground, bravely endeavored to the last extremity to hold it against the assault of overwhelming numbers, did all that brave and well-tried soldiers could do to defend a position in which it was placed, and was driven from it only when more than half its number were killed or wounded, overwhelmed by vastly superior numbers, surrounded on three sides and its commander wounded and a prisoner.

Less than sixty days before the battle of Gettysburg, the One hundred and fourteenth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry (Zouaves d'Afrique), had borne its part in the bloody battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia. There Major Joseph S. Chandler, Captain Frank A. Eliot, Lieutenant Cullen, and many brave enlisted men laid down their lives for their country. It is not out of place here, where the regiment was so soon called upon again to give of its best blood, and to show the effects of the examples of its heroes of Chancellorsville, to pay a tribute to their memory. Major Chandler was a born soldier, and early in life exhibited and developed military instincts. His death coming so early in the history of the regiment, and his being a field officer, not being brought into such near contact with the men, as would have been the case had lie been a line officer, he was not as well known to them as he would have been had his life been spared longer. But yet, in the comparatively short time that lie was with the regiment, officers and men, his superiors and those below him in rank, had learned to respect and admire him. In the heat of the battle of Chancellorsville, in the very fore-front of the regiment, while calling upon a brother officer to seize a rebel flag, when he should strike down the bearer of it, lie was himself struck in the forehead by a minie ball and instantly killed. It was the privilege of the writer to have known Major Chandler intimately, and to have served with him previous to the organization of the One hundred and fourteenth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers for a year in another regiment, the Seventy-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers, and he esteems it a further privilege to here record his testimony to Chandler's worth, and his personal knowledge of the great loss the regiment suffered in his early death.

Captain Eliot was one of those noble, patriotic souls, who gave up literally all, that lie might do battle for his country, and valiantly did lie serve her, giving up cheerfully and willingly even his very life for her. No officer in the regiment was better respected and beloved by his fellow officers and men, and no officer better deserved it. Mortally wounded, while most bravely commanding his company, and sustaining them by the lofty example of his coolness and courage, he died on the field. So, too, Lieutenant Cullen, who here paid the supreme tribute of devotion to the Union and gave his life for it. Neither Chandler's, Eliot's or Cullen's bodies were recovered, and to-day all that is mortal of them rests in unknown graves. But "Their souls are marching on," and perchance some day in flip near future, there will be placed by our hands, on the bloody field of Chancellorsville, as fitting a monument to our heroic comrades of that battle as we have here erected at Gettysburg.

As well as the writer can remember, and from all information lie has been able to obtain, the companies were commanded at the commencement of the battle of the 2d of July, 1863, as follows: Company A, Lieutenant A. J. Cunningham; Company B, Lieutenant H. E. Rulon; Company C, Lieutenant W. J. Miller; Company D, Captain Henry M. Eddy; Company E, Captain Francis E. Fix; Company F, Lieutenant A. S. Newlin; Company G, Lieutenant William S. Robinson; Company H, Lieutenant A. K. Dunkle; Company I, Lieutenant E. T. Marion; Company K, Lieutenant Augustus W. Fix. These were all the line officers that were present for duty with the regiment. Lieutenant R. Dale Benson, Company B, though not technically present with the regiment, was present at Gettysburg, serving on the staff of General Graham, commanding the brigade, and in that position rendered valuable and valiant service. The colors were carried by Color-Sergeant Benjamin Baylitts, who carried the United States flag, and Corporal Cannon, who carried the State flag until he was wounded. when it was taken by Barry Hall, of Company D, who carried it through the rest of the battle and for some time afterwards. This narrative would be incomplete if special mention was not made of the coolness and bravery of the color-bearers. Colonel Collis was absent sick, and Lieutenant-Colonel Frederick F. Cavada was in command of the regiment until his capture, when the command devolved upon the writer, who was, at this time, captain of Company B, commissioned but not mustered as major, and acting as a field officer. No adjutant or quartermaster was present with the regiment, both being sick, and their absence necessitating the detail of commissioned officers to act in their places. Surgeon J. M. Cummins, Assistant Surgeon D. H. Bartine, Sergeant-Major, absent sick; First Sergeant (afterwards Captain) A. W. Givin, Company F, acting Sergeant Major, and Hospital Steward John Fields.

The morning report of the 2d of July, 1863, showed an aggregate of officers and enlisted men present, four hundred and sixty-three, from which is to be deducted one officer, acting as quartermaster in the rear of the train, two surgeons, hospital steward and attendants, the band, drum corps, extra duty men, and the sick, amounting altogether to seventy-five or eighty men, so that the actual strength of the regiment, rank and file, at the commencement of the fight was less than four hundred. The loss of the regiment at Chancellorsville in killed and wounded being one hundred and seventy-five officers and enlisted men, the regiment was much reduced in numbers, and, as three officers were killed and thirteen wounded there, some were absent sick, and several were detached on staff duty, it was very short of officers when it entered upon the movement which finally brought it into its native State and on to the field of Gettysburg. The march northward from between the Rapidan and the Rappahannock, the ground which we had been occupying since the battle of Chancellorsville, was a very severe, and trying one. The uncertainty as to the whereabouts and movements of the enemy, made it impossible for us to know much of our movements beforehand. For the first day or two we made short and rapid marches in various directions, but after it became evident that Lee was moving his whole army northward, with the intention of getting to Washington before we could get there, or in event of not being able to do that, of invading the Northern States and transferring the field of war to then, the race began, and day after day, through scorching sun and stifling dust, we pushed on after our enemy, determined to head him off wherever he might be going, and, if possible, to get there before he did.

On the 1st day of July, 1863, before noon, the regiment arrived at Emmitsburg, Maryland, and went into camp with indications of remaining there for some time, but the men had hardly got their shelter tents up, and begun to make themselves comfortable before heavy cannonading was heard and ,,(,on the regiment was marching again in the direction of it. We arrived in the vicinity of Gettysburg late in the evening of the same day, .end bivouacked south of the town in the woods on the right of Little Round Top, and about a half or three quarters of a mile from the Emmitsburg road. Early on the morning of tine 2d the regiment was moved from whore it lead lain during the night, to the front, in the vicinity of the Trostle house, and was formed with the brigade into line, in columns doubled on the center, Battery E, First Rhode Island Artillery, being directly in front of us. From this position early in the afternoon we were moved forward three-eighths to a half of a mile and deployed into line of battle, in an oatfield on the right of the peach orchard, the Fifty-seventh Pennsylvania -Volunteers oil our right and the Sixty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers on our left. We were now within a short distance of the Emmitsburg road, and our line was parallel with it; up to this time there had been no firing except on the skirmish line, and it was ominously quiet; but now the enemy opened on us the concentrated fire of his batteries and immediately we were in the midst of a terrific shower of shot and shell, and every conceivable kind of missile, which made terrible havoc among us. As yet there was no enemy in sight, and we had nothing to do but remain in our position, having no protection of any sort or kind, and our position affording us none, we threw ourselves upon the ground, and for upwards of two hours passively endured the terrible ordeal, while death and destruction was being dealt among us. None of the various duties which a soldier is called upon to perform, and none of the various vicissitudes and dangers that he is expected to face, call for such bravery and endurance, as thus remaining passive under an enemy's artillery fire that has got an accurate range, and from which there is no protection. Oil the skirmish line, on the charge, or actively engaged, assaulting or defending, there is intense activity and great excitement, the mind is so occupied that it takes little note of anything except the duty immediately to be done, and there is no time or opportunity for thought of personal danger; but not so when lying prone upon the ground, the shot and shell falling among and all around, and one can do nothing for one's own defense, but only lie there wondering when his own turn will come to be struck, whether lie will be killed outright or mutilated, and whether he may be spared to do whatever may come next, nothing else in all a soldier's experience so tries his bravery and endurance, and those who have gone through such an ordeal will never forget it. The battery in our front kept up a steady reply to the enemy's fire, and leas served splendidly. The enemy now slackened their artillery fire, and the infantry debouching from their cover in the woods advanced upon us in masses. At this juncture, Captain Randolph, chief of artillery Third Corps, rode up to the regiment, saying: "You boys saved this battery once before at Fredericksburg, and if you will do it again, move forward." Before this we were oil our feet awaiting the coming assault. The lieutenant-colonel, who up to this time was in command, not being found, the writer, who was the next officer ill rank, gave the order to advance. The regiment sprang forward with alacrity and passed through and to the front of the battery, which hastily limbered up and got to the rear. The impetus of our ad ca nee carried us to the Emmitsburg road, in the face of the murderous musketry fire of the advancing enemy. Reaching the road it  clambered over the fence and crossed it. Sherfy's house and outbuildings intervening between us and the approaching enemy, the right of the regiment was advanced to the rear of the house. While advancing in this way our men were loading and firing as rapidly as possible, and several times pauses were made, notably as we stood on the Emmitsburg road, and corrected the alignment, which was broken by clambering over the fence. During all this time we were receiving a terrible musketry fire from the rapidly approaching enemy, and the mien were falling by scores. ere fell the brave and dashing Captain Frank Fix, Company E, terribly wounded in the right knee, and from the effects of which lie afterwards died, and here were killed Lieutenant IT. E. McCarty, Company K; Sergeant Joseph DeHaven, Company F; First Sergeant David M. Mace, Company H. Corporals Robert Kenderdine, Company F; Benjamin F. Cathcart, Company G, and Samuel C. Rodgers, Company K. Privates Abraham Groff, Company B; Isaac Clayton and I. Kennedy, Company D; Joseph Butterworth, Thomas H. Munson and Samuel Rigley, Company E; John Fitzgerald, Company II: John Gallager and Joshua J. Wood, Company I, and Nathan Kelsey, Company K, and here many more were wounded, among them First Sergeant (afterwards Captain) John A. Tricker, Sergeants Charles D. Gentry and Private Lewis J. Borgeit of Company B: Corporals Thomas L. Senaltz. Michael Cannon and Private George Hardy, Company C: Private Phil.

Furman, Company D; John Brown, John Donovan, John Hunnsberger, Alexander Ross, I. H. Sachsenheimer, David Shively and Richard Willard, Company E; First Sergeant (afterwards Captain) John R. Waterhouse, and Privates Joseph S. Beaumont, Robert M. Esbin, Henry M. Gassoway, Aaron S. Helms, Jeremiah Karcher, Samuel Langhorn and Henry S. Strouse, Company F; Corporal Alfred Hibbs and Private David James, Company G; Sergeant James Singerman and Privates George W. Bryant, John Morrison and James McCafferty, Company I, and Private Ferdinand Dunmeyer, Company K. Many others were killed and wounded here in the oat-field and around Sherfy's house and barn. Some of the wounded sought refuge in the barn, and being too badly wounded were not able to escape from it when it was burned and perished in the flames; their identification was impossible, but their remains were recognized as members of the regiment by fragments of their distinctive uniform, and they are buried in the National Cemetery, the stones over their graves recording that they are those of "unknown Zouaves."

Soon it became apparent that it was impossible that we should be able to hold our ground against such overwhelming numbers. Already they were on our left and in our rear, the regiments on our left having been swept away. It seemed as though we were surrounded and could not escape capture, and many of the regiment did not, two lieutenants, Dunkle and Rulon, and a number of enlisted men being taken prisoners at this point. Only one avenue of escape was open to us, and that was up the Emmitsburg road. Ordering the colors to go in that direction with the assistance of Captain Eddy and the few remaining officers rallying the few men that were left, we made a stand, pouring a volley into the enemy, who was almost upon us, and then retreated up the road, many falling by the way, for it was far more dangerous to life to retreat up that road and to our rear, than it was to remain to be captured. After going up the road a short distance we turned into the field, and just here Captain Eddy was struck full in the breast, and the writer thought that the regiment had lost another brave officer, but his end was not yet, for the missile that struck him proved to be a spent bail, and with assistance lie was enabled to keep up and get out of range; only, however, after two more years of faithful service to receive a mortal wound while gallantly commanding the regiment and leading it into Fort Mahone in the final operations before Petersburg. All this time we were being hotly followed by the enemy, and very close they were to us, until we lead retraced our steps on the ground over which we had advanced a few hours before, and we withdrew from the position where we received the enemy's assault, in as orderly a manner as was possible under the circumstances. Our main endeavor being to get our colors safely off, they were ordered to fall back a short distance as quickly as they could, and what remained of the regiment, amounting altogether to not much more than a color guard, faced to the enemy and fired as many shots as they could, and then when the masses of the enemy were almost on them fell back on the colors, repeating this manoeuvre until the colors were in a place of safety. Captain Fix afterwards stated that when we left the Emmitsburg road -which was covered with our dead and wounded, and where lie was laying, a battery of the enemy came thundering along it, and when the officer commanding it saw our dead and wounded on the road, he halted his battery to avoid running over them and his men carefully lifted our men to one side, and carried the wounded into a cellar of a house, supplied them with water, and said they would return and take care of them when they had caught the rest of us. This they had no opportunity to do, for they themselves were driven back, and the house containing our wounded. remained within our lilies and our men received the care and attention of our own surgeons. While two of our men were helping to the rear a third who was badly wounded, a shell exploded among them and killed all three of them. The advance of the enemy was checked at dark and we sank down where we were utterly exhausted. - During the night a few men who had become separated from the regiment turned up, among them acting sergeant-major, afterwards captain, Givin. Hardly ever was one man better pleased to see another than the writer was to see this same Acting Sergeant-Major Givin, for as the regiment was minus our adjutant lie was depended upon for the performance of his clerical duties, details, the possession of the rolls, etc., etc. During the night and after a few hours of rest parties were sent out to find the whereabouts of the division, and by daylight the brigade, or rather what was left of it, got together again. The writer has no statistics to refer to and therefore give an accurate statement of the casualties of the regiment and brigade, but he knows that during the battle of the 2d we lost more than one-half our number and that the brigade suffered proportionately. During the morning of the 3d we had a welcome visit from our quartermaster, Lieutenant Hartley, who was then quartermaster sergeant, and afterwards promoted to be quartermaster, and rations were served. About noon on the 3d, the brigade, now under command of Colonel Tippin, of the Sixtyeighth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, General Graham having been wounded and taken prisoner during the battle of the day previous, was moved farther to the right and front during the cannonading just previous to Pickett's assault upon Cemetery Ridge. Colonel Tippin was ordered to move the brigade still farther to the right, and whether it was that the brave colonel did not know the right from the left, or just which way he was ordered to go, or whether it was that his soldierly instinct led him to lead the brigade towards the enemy, doubtless glad of an opportunity to repay them in the same coin for the way they had served us on the previous afternoon, the writer does not know, but this much he does know, that in less time than it takes to tell this we were in the midst of a most severe shower of missiles of all sorts and kinds; one of which struck Colonel Tippin's horse, and placed the doughty colonel hors-de-combat. At this juncture Colonel Madill of the One hundred and forty-first Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, assumed command of the brigade, and quickly withdrew it from its exposed position. At this time the writer was ordered to move his regiment with the One hundred and forty-first Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, and assist in repelling the assault of Pickett's Division, which was now just about to be made. At a double-quick we moved to the position assigned to us in the second line, the Philadelphia Brigade being in the first and directly in front of us, more especially the Sixty-ninth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers. Here we waited the coming assault of Pickett's brave men. For a brief space there was an ominous pause of artillery on both sides, General Bunt, chief of the artillery of the Army of the Potomac, having ordered it to cease on our side, in order that the guns might have an opportunity to cool and the ammunition be economized for the assault lie knew was about to be made. The enemy, supposing from our artillery ceasing to fire that they had silenced our batteries, caused their firing to cease also. The silence was, however, of short duration. The enemy rapidly crossed the intervening space. Our batteries, loaded with grape and canister, were trained upon them at point blank range and opened again on them with deadly effect. Still they closed up the gaps and pressed on. Our men reserved their fire and allowed them to come so far as in their judgment was just far enough, and then blazed upon them such a withering musketry fire, as literally mowed them down. Many of the enemy actually reached our lines and were met by our men with fixed bayonets and clubbed muskets. Those who got so far and found they could get no farther turned and broke for the rear. The successful repulse of Pickett's Division finished the operations for that day and the battle of Gettysburg, which had lasted for three long summer days. In the position we occupied during Pickett's charge we were partially under cover and met with no casualties. About 7 p. in. the regiment joined the brigade, before which we had gathered up from our immediate front about five hundred rifles.

At about S p. in. the regiment was sent on picket to the extreme front, where we remained undisturbed by shot or shell until 8 a. m. of the next morning- 4th of July-when we were relieved from the picket line and again gathered up a large number of rifles, etc. We lay in the rear of our batteries all that day and night, furnishing details for burying the dead, and looking after the wounded, and next morning-5th of Julywere moved some distance to the rear, where we remained until 4 a. in. of the 6th, when we started after the retreating enemy, hoping to catch up and capture them before they could recross the Potomac, and much disappointed we were that we were not successful in doing this.

Three years ago the Association of the One hundred and fourteenth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, erected at its own expense, the stone which now serves for the pedestal of the bronze figure of a private of the regiment, which was paid for by the appropriation from the State, and was placed in position with appropriate ceremonies. It marks the position the regiment occupied on the eventful day of the 2d of July, 1868, and is in memory of the brave dead; to whom, and to the no less brave survivors, this narrative is dedicated, as an humble tribute by the writer, upon whom no greater honor fell, or in the future, can fall than that in the great battle of Gettysburg, and for the greater portion of the time afterwards until the close of the war, lie commanded this brave and splendid regiment of Philadelphians.

On such an occasion as this when surveying this field of the battle of Gettysburg, now studded with the many monuments erected by the survivors of almost every organization engaged in the battle, the eye looks for and is disappointed not to see a fitting memorial to him, under whose magnificent leadership, the glorious victory was won and the defeat, finally accomplished at Appomattox, was begun, George G. Meade, the victorious commander of the Army of the Potomac. Little as his memory in the hearts of his comrades needs it, he deserves at the hands of his countrymen a monument worthy of his military skill, his bravery, and his patriotism and commensurate in its beauty, and durability with the important service he rendered. By General Meade's selection it was given to the One hundred and fourteenth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers to be nearer to, and more intimately connected with him, than was any other regiment of the army, and thus had better opportunities for knowing and esteeming him. The more we saw of his skill, his consideration for the soldiers of his army, his thoughtfulness for them, his attention to their wants, his personal bravery, and his sterling patriotism, the more we admired and the better we respected him, and this admiration, respect and regard for him is shared by all who enjoyed the honor of serving under him, and they with us have the right to demand that here shall be erected a fitting memorial to Major-General George G. Meade, the hero of Gettysburg.