Former president chosen to lead Bolivia
BY CRAIG MAURO
Associated Press
LA PAZ, Bolivia - Bolivia's Congress ended a presidential tie
Sunday, picking U.S.-educated millionaire Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada
to lead the South
American nation as it confronts economic malaise and growing
social unrest.
Sánchez de Lozada, a centrist mining executive who was
president from 1993 to 1997, won a congressional vote of 84-43 over Evo
Morales, a radical
Indian leader of Bolivia's coca growers.
The men were the top two vote recipients in a national election
in June. Neither won an outright majority, forcing a vote in Congress.
Two congressman
left their votes blank Sunday, while 26 voted for Manfred Reyes
Villa, who came in a close third in June. Two other legislators were absent.
Congress convened Saturday and debated for more than 24 hours.
All members present gave a speech, with some wearing multicolored Indian
clothing
and speaking in indigenous languages. Others chewed coca leaf,
the base material of cocaine but also an important part of centuries-old
Indian culture in
the Andes.
Sánchez de Lozada assured his victory in the legislative
vote more than a week ago by securing an alliance with his rival, leftist
former President Jaime
Paz Zamora.
He will govern South America's poorest country while dealing
with a combative opposition. Bolivia is suffering not only an economic
crisis, but also rising
crime and social unrest.
After the vote, Sánchez de Lozada called for the country's
fractious political parties to work together. ''We can't be fighting each
other and
misunderstanding each other because the country is in crisis,''
he said.
The new government also will work to restore Bolivians' faith
''that we'll to be able to turn around the crisis and move forward with
public works with jobs
and the fight against corruption and social exclusion,'' he
said.
Known by the nickname ''Goni,'' Sánchez de Lozada spent
most of his youth in the United States and still speaks Spanish with an
American accent that is
often the brunt of jokes among Bolivians. He grew up in Washington,
where his father was a diplomat, and later studied philosophy and English
literature at the University of Chicago.
Sánchez de Lozada will face an opposition galvanized by
the blunt-talking Morales, whose Movement to Socialism party has given
Bolivia's downtrodden
Indian majority an unprecedented political voice.
Morales' party took 35 seats in the legislature and may ally
itself with Indian leader Felipe Quispe's bloc of six legislators. Sánchez
de Lozada's
Nationalist Revolutionary Movement party won the most seats
with 50, but did not get a majority in the 157-seat legislature.
Morales' supporters gave divisive speeches during the congressional
debate. ''One candidate represents the oppressed of the countryside. The
other
represents the businessmen who oppress us,'' Quispe said.
Many of Sánchez de Lozada's supporters spoke briefly, saying they were voting for unity.
Congressman Mario Cosio said he chose Sánchez de Lozada
to ``construct one Bolivia, where unity, tolerance and coming together
are put above
resentment and differences.''
Sánchez de Lozada will inherit a gaping budget deficit
after his predecessor Jorge Quiroga spent heavily while trying to bring
the sluggish economy back
to life.
At least six of every 10 Bolivians live in poverty, and unemployment
now tops 10 percent. Various groups of workers are demanding wage increases,
feeding growing social unrest in this country of 8.2 million
people.
Sánchez de Lozada has promised to create jobs with public
works projects and to provide up to 800,000 fellowships for poor students.
The main legacy
of his first presidency was a ''capitalization'' program that
partially privatized many of Bolivia's state-owned industries.
He is also credited with increasing public financing for the country's long-neglected municipalities.
He will be inaugurated for a five-year term on Tuesday. In a
possible sign of things to come for the new leader, a national teachers
union has announced
a strike for the same day.