The New York Times
April 20, 1961

Castro Says Attack Is Crushed; Cuba Rebels Give Up Bleachhead, Report New Landings On Island

By TAD SZULC

          Miami, Thursday, April 20--The Government of Premier Fidel Castro claimed today that it had "completely defeated" the invasion force that landed Monday.

          The announcement came amid insistent reports that two new rebel landings might be in progress on the northern coast of the island.

          The rebel forces abandoned their beachhead on the southern coast and apparently merged with guerrillas operating in the near-by Escambray Mountains.

          Premier Castro's claim of a victory came in a Government radio broadcast monitored here. The announcement said both sides had suffered heavy losses.

Rebels Reported Overrun

          The Castro communiquÈ said that the last strongholds of the "mercenary troops" of the invasion force had been overrun at 5:30 P.M. yesterday. The attackers were said to have been on Cuban soil less than seventy-two hours.

          Quantities of military equipment of North-American make were seized, including Sherman tanks, the broadcast said.

          The Cuban radio said that part of the invasion force had attempted to evacuate their positions by boat, but that many boats had been sunk.
          The communiquÈ, which was signed by Premier Castro, said that the remnant of the liberation force had been trapped in a swampy area, apparently near their landing ground at Las Villas Province.

          Early today, Radio Swan, an anti-Castro station on Swan Island off the coast of Honduras, reported that a rebel force had landed at, or near, MorÛn, a sugar port on the northern coast of Camaguey Province. The broadcast, which did not mention the scope of the operation, said that Capt. Nino Diaz, a one-time Castro lieutenant in the Sierra Maestra, had led the landing.

          Yesterday a "terrific explosion" was reported in MorÛn by the Cuban Government internal communications network.

          A broadcast heard at the United States Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay in Cuba reported that Captain Diaz was in command of a force that had landed in Oriente Province, not far from Holguin. It was noted here that since Holguin and MorÛn are about 200 miles apart, Captain Diaz could be in charge of forces in the two areas.

          A communiquÈ of the Cuban Revolutionary Council declared last night that "the major portion" of the original landing party had reached the Escambray hills, despite "tragic losses among a small holding force."

          The reported link-up with the Escambray guerrillas, which earlier had been represented as a success, seemed to have been a defensive action under the impact of what the rebels described as an offensive by the Government's heavy tanks, MIG jet fighters and artillery.

          As the military picture in strife-torn Cuba continued to present considerable confusion, indications appeared of a lack of coordination in the top rebel leadership.

          These difficulties led to some doubts as to the future of joint operations involving the rebels. The force from the beach was reported to have broken through militia lines to move fifty miles to the Escambray area to join what is left of the guerrilla units there.

          The area surrounding the Escambray Mountains is known to be heavily garrisoned by the troops of Premier Fidel Castro.

          Yesterday Havana had announced that nine rebel aircraft had been shot down since Monday. Four of the planes had been downed early yesterday, the regime asserted. One of the planes was alleged to have been flown by a United States pilot.

'Invasion' Denied

          Tuesday night a rebel plane bombed an air base near Havana.

          The Cuban radio also announced last night that Maj. Raul Castro, the Premier's brother and Minister of Revolutionary Armed Forces, was in Santiago, capital of Oriente Province.

          This was the first indication since Monday of the whereabouts of any of the high leaders of the regime.

          The Havana radio announced that "militias" from Ecuador were ready to travel to Cuba to fight "Yankee aggressors" and that a Soviet woman deputy now in Cuba, who is a doctor, had offered her services.

          The communiquÈ of the Cuban Revolutionary Council announced that the landing Monday on the Bahia de Cochinos on the swampy coast of Las Villas Province had been "inaccurately" described as an invasion.

          It was, the Council said, merely an operation designed to provide supplies for the underground in Cuba. In its initial communiquÈ at dawn Monday, the Council had termed the landing the beginning of "the battle to liberate our homeland." Virtually the entire world took the landing to be a major military enterprise with equivalent political repercussions.

          Last night, the Council said:

          "We did not expect to topple Castro immediately or without setbacks. It certainly is true that we did not expect to face unscathed Soviet armaments directed by Communist advisers."

          The anti-Castro rebels are reported to have about 5,000 more men at training camps outside Cuba.

Rally Is Called

          A mass rally of support for the regime was called for this evening at Havana University.

          There were no indications, however, whether Premier Castro, who had dropped out of sight since the landings, would address the gathering.

          Many observers here were skeptical about the rebel link-up. The view was taken because of reports that the Escambray guerrilla units had been virtually destroyed as a military force by the Government troops in recent months. A reported failure to supply the guerrillas properly from abroad was cited as the cause of their inability to hold out.

          Another reason for skepticism was the report that in launching the landing in Las Villas Province Monday, the principal anti-Castro underground group, the Peoples' Revolutionary Movement, as well as many other anti-Castro groups had been kept out of the operation.

          This report, from sources close to some members of the rebel command, suggested that there might have been a considerable lack of coordination between the landing forces an the underground groups in Cuba.

          Informants said that Manuel Ray, head of the Peoples' Movement, and a member of the Cuban Revolutionary Council, which is the rebels' top command, was not informed of the details of the landing. Along with the rest of the council, SeÒor Ray left New York for an undisclosed site Sunday afternoon. At that time, it is said, Senor Ray had no advance word of the landings.

          The council members are somewhere in the Caribbean area awaiting a propitious time to land on the beachhead, if it can be firmly secured. The purpose is to proclaim a "government in arms" and request foreign recognition.

          The landing in Cuba was carried out by what is believed to be a force of 300 to 400 men belonging to the Democratic Revolutionary Front. This organization is represented by three members on the seven-man Revolutionary Council.

          Late last week, in an apparent attempt to coordinate the efforts by various anti-Castro factions, SeÒor Ray was put in charge of activities inside Cuba. However, he was not in a position to inform any of his top associates in the movement of the landing. As a result, they were surprised by the reports of the attack.

          Most of SeÒor Ray 's associates are in Miami, excluded from what had been expected to be a joint undertaking by all of Dr. Castro's opponents. One of the top underground leaders from Cuba, who went to New York last week to coordinate plans for a new campaign of sabotage, was in Miami when the Las Villas landings were reported. Although his task was to introduce a large shipment of explosives into Cuba and touch off a major wave of sabotage designed to soften up the Castro defenses in preparation for subsequent landings, the underground leader could not carry out his plans.

          About 120 highly trained anti-Castro fighters, including a group of former revolutionary officers from the Sierra Maestra, who are close to SeÒor Ray's movement, were also surprised by the landings.

          These men were to have been sent from Miami to staging camps in Central America ten days ago. Their departure was inexplicably delayed. Some of them finally left Tuesday. The Central American camps were operated by the Democratic Front faction.

          Another anti-Castro group here, made up of about 400 men, including some who had escaped in February from the Escambray area, are also held up in Miami. Speculation here over the reasons why the attack on Cuba took place before a proper campaign of sabotage and preparation for internal uprisings could be completed, included the report that Guatemala was no longer willing to harbor the rebels' camps. Since last May rebel forces have been trained in the complex of camps on Guatemala's Pacific Coast.

          It was understood that Guatemala 's President, Miguel Ydigoras Fuentes, had set a June 1 deadline for the departure from his country of "all foreign troops." Certain political events and pressures might have forced SeÒor Ydigoras to move up the deadline.

          Meanwhile, the picture of the silence-shrouded Cuban struggle was one of continuing fighting in and around the marshy beachhead on the Bahia de Cochinos and reported infiltration landings throughout the night on the northern coast of Matanzas Province.

          The communique of the Revolutionary Council reported that the break-through into the Escambray area, north of the port of Cienfuegos, was achieved "in spite of continuous attacks by Soviet MIG's, heavy tanks and artillery forces," completing successfully "the plan's first phase of the military operations in the south of Cuba."

          "Additional guerrilla units," the communique said, had infiltrated central Matanzas Province, in what was presumed to be an attempt at a thrust north toward the Central Highway that runs from the west to the east of Cuba.<

          The rebels apparently had been unable to capture their immediate objective, the town of Jaguey Grande, about twenty miles north of the original beachhead.

          Pushing forward from the swamps of Cienaga de Zapata, they appeared to be operating between two sections of firm ground provided by the narrow-gauge railroad that runs

          Yesterday, the Havana Revolutionary Court at La Cabana Fortress began the trial of twenty-six persons accused of having plotted the murder of Dr. Castro. The death sentence was asked for seven persons, including Premier Castro's one-time Agricultural Minister, Dr. Humberto Sori Marin.

Sori Marin is Ex-Castro Aide

          Dr. Sori Marin was one of the first Cuban intellectuals to join Dr. Castro in the Sierra Maestra in 1957 and one of the first to break with him in 1959. He resigned his post as Minister of Agriculture, June 12, 1959.

          Dr. Sori Marin was the presiding judge of the "war criminals" trials in Havana early in 1959. The 46-year-old revolutionary was reported to have been placed under house arrest in December and to have been jailed March 20.
 


Cuban Charge Disputed
Special to The New York Times

          WASHINGTON, April 19--The Cuban assertion that a United States flier, Leo Francis Bell, had been shot down in a military aircraft over Cuba was denied today by several Government agencies. What the Cubans called "drastic proof" of United States participation when they gave the aircraft license number and the alleged social security number of Mr. Bell was disputed by Government agencies. They said the numbers failed to tally for the plane or for Mr. Bell.
 

British Subjects Arrested
Special to The New York Times

          LONDON, April 19--The British Ebassy in Havana reported to the Foreign Office today that the Cuban capital was quiet, shops were open and there were no indications of a popular uprising in support of anti-Castro rebels.

          The Cuban Army is moving reinforcements and supplies to the combat areas, the embassy reported by telephone. Four British subjects, one a woman, have been arrested.
 

Rebel Claims Denied

          MIAMI, April 19 (AP)--The Cuban radio denied today rebel claims of landings in Northern Matanzas Province and in Oriente. The broadcast said an attack against the Isle of Pines had failed.