The New York Times
October 30, 1911

Joseph Pulitzer Dies Suddenly

                    Owner of the New York World Succumbs to Heart Disease
                on His Yacht at Charleston

                His Last Words in German

                "Leise, Ganz Leise," (Softly, Quite Softly,) He Said to His
                Reading Secretary

                Wife Summoned in Time

                She and Youngest Son at His Bedside--Body Will Be
                Brought Here for Interment

                Special to The New York Times

                     HARLESTON, S.C., Oct. 29.--Joseph Pulitzer, proprietor of The
                     New York World and St. Louis Post-Dispatch, died aboard his yacht,
                the Liberty, in Charleston Harbor at 1:40 o'clock this afternoon. The
                immediate cause of Mr. Pulitzer's death was heart disease. Although he had
                been in poor health for some time, there was no suspicion on the part of those
                accompanying him that his condition was serious.

                The change for the worse came at about 2 o'clock this morning, when he
                suffered an attack of severe pain. By daylight he appeared to be better and
                fell asleep soon after 10:30. He awoke at 1 o'clock and complained of pain in
                his heart. Soon he fell into a faint and expired at 1:40 o'clock.

                Mrs. Pulitzer, who had been sent for, arrived from New York today, and
                reached the yacht shortly before her husband died. At his bedside also when
                the end came was his youngest son, Herbert, who has been cruising with his
                father.

                Mr. Pulitzer's body will be taken north at 4:30 tomorrow afternoon on a
                special Pullman car. The funeral will be held at Woodlawn Cemetery in New
                York probably toward the end of this week.

                Mr. Pulitzer's son, Joseph, Jr., is now on his way from St. Louis with his wife,
                and one of his daughters will come from Florida. Ralph Pulitzer, the eldest
                son, is on the way to Charleston, and will meet the train en route.

                Up to an hour and a half before his death Mr. Pulitzer's mind remained
                perfectly clear. His German secretary had been reading to him an account of
                the reign of Louis the Eleventh of France, in whose career Mr. Pulitzer had
                always taken the liveliest interest. As the secretary neared the end of his
                chapter and came to the death of the French King, Mr. Pulitzer said to him:

                "Leise, ganz leise, ganz leise." (softly, quite softly.)

                These were the last words he spoke.

                Some members of Mr. Pulitzer's party will go north to-morrow on the train
                with Mrs. Pulitzer, Herbert Pulitzer, and the body of the dead journalist. The
                other members of the party will remain on the yacht which will probably sail
                for New York to-morrow.

                Mr. Pulitzer's yacht has been in Charleston Harbor for six days. She was on
                the way to Jekyl Island, near Brunswick, Ga., where Mr. Pulitzer had a
                Winter home. On account of the threatening weather and the reported West
                Indian hurricane, however, she put into Charleston.

                Mr. Pulitzer was attended in his last illness by Dr. Robert Wilson of
                Charleston and Dr. Guthman, Mr. Pulitzer's physician.

                Mr. Pulitzer, accompanied by his younger son, Herbert, left New York
                aboard his yacht on Oct. 18, intending to take a leisurely voyage to Jekyl
                Island.

                Aside from a heavy cold which had prevented him from taking his daily drives
                in Central Park, Mr. Pulitzer was in his usual health when he left this city. He
                was taken ill on Friday, and the yacht put into Charleston. His illness proving
                serious a telegram was sent to his wife who left New York for Charleston
                yesterday.

                Mr. Pulitzer's Career Remarkable Rise from Poverty to Wealth and
                Power

                Joseph Pulitzer's career was a striking example of the opportunities that have
                been found in the United States for advancement from penury and
                friendlessness to wealth and power. Few who have come here to find their
                fortunes have been more handicapped at the start. He was without funds, had
                no acquaintances in this country, did not know the language, and suffered
                from defective vision which harassed him all his life, and made sad his last
                years, when he was compelled practically to retire from active work. Few
                have had struggles more severe, yet at 31, thirteen years after landing at
                Castle Garden, he was the owner of a daily newspaper and on the road to
                riches.

                Mr. Pulitzer's influence on the development of modern American journalism
                has been large. In the first issue of The St. Louis Post-Dispatch he gave
                expression to those ideals as follows:

                The Post and Dispatch will serve no party but the people; will be no organ of
                Republicanism, but the organ of truth, will follow no caucuses but its own
                convictions; will not support the Administration, but criticise it; will oppose all
                frauds and shams wherever and whatever they are; will advocate principles
                and ideas rather than prejudices and partisanship.

                In assuming proprietorship of The New York World, Mr. Pulitzer said:

                There is room in this great and growing city for a journal that is not only cheap
                but bright, not only bright but large, not only large but truly
                democratic--dedicated to the cause of the people rather than that of purse
                potentates--devoted more to the news of the New than the Old World; that
                will expose all fraud and sham; fight all public evils and abuses; that will serve
                and battle for the people with earnest sincerity.

                Arrived Here Penniless

                Joseph Pulitzer was born in Budapest in 1847. His father was a business man,
                supposedly of means, but when he died, while Joseph was still a boy, it was
                found that the estate was very small. In order that he might not be a burden on
                his mother, Joseph determined to enter the army. He applied to his uncle, who
                was a Colonel in the Austrian Army, but when he was examined as to
                physical fitness he was rejected because of the defect in one of his eyes. He
                went to Germany and sought to enter th Prussian Army, but was again
                rejected for the same reason. He tried to enlist in France and England with the
                same result.

                The civil war was in progress in this country, and he decided to come here. It
                exhausted his resources to pay his passage, and he landed at Castle Garden in
                1864 practically penniless. He knew nobody in this country and could speak
                only a dozen words of English. Within a few days, however, he met a
                fellow-countryman who had just enlisted in a German cavalry regiment then
                being raised in this city. Men were badly needed in the Union Army, and the
                requirements as to sharpness of vision were not as strict as in time of peace.
                The young Austrian was enrolled and served to the end of the war in the
                Lincoln Cavalry, as the regiment was called, part of the time under Sheridan.

                When he was mustered out at its close in New York City he was still ignorant
                of English, as his soldier companions had all been of foreign birth and spoke
                their native languages. Another Austrian who had been his close companion
                suggested that they go West to seek their fortunes. They went to a railroad
                ticket office, threw down all the money they had between them, and asked for
                passage as far West as their capital would take them. It was thus by chance
                that Mr. Pulitzer went to St. Louis. Their tickets were only to East St. Louis,
                Ill., across the river from the Missouri city. There was no bridge in those days,
                but Pulitzer made himself acquainted with the fireman on a ferryboat, and
                offered to do his firing if he would take him across. He not only got across by
                this means, but was continued at work as a fireman until he became a
                stevedore on the wharves of St. Louis.

                After alternating as stevedore and as fireman on boats plying between St.
                Louis and New Orleans for some time he had enough money saved to start in
                business as a boss stevedore in St. Louis. This was his first enterprise, and it
                was not a success. Its failure left him again penniless, and with his strength
                diminished. He applied to an employment agency for lighter work, and got a
                place as a coachman in a private family. Here again his defective vision
                proved a handicap, and after two weeks he was discharged because his
                employer feared he would run into something.

                Pulitzer vainly sought employment in every direction. There was a cholera
                epidemic in St. Louis and the undertakers were in need of help to bury the
                hundreds who died. He eagerly took up this work and was soon digging
                trenches on Arsenal Island. He went from one humble employment to another
                until a St. Louis politician, noting his ignorance of American ways, induced
                him to take a post that no well-informed person would have undertaken. In
                the reconstruction days, after the close of the war, Missouri was largely in the
                hands of bushwhackers and guerrillas. In order to have the charter of the St.
                Louis & San Francisco Railroad recorded in each county of the State it was
                necessary that the papers should be personally filed with the clerk of every
                county, and it was expected that the man engaged in the task would almost
                certainly lose his life. Pulitzer realized nothing of this and started off joyously
                on a horse provided for him. He completed the task and returned to St. Louis
                still in ignorance of the risk he had run.

                This experience marked the turning point in his early struggles. It gave him a
                knowledge which no other man then possessed of the land conditions of every
                county in the State, and real estate men found his services invaluable. Even
                during his earlier vicissitudes he had been a voracious reader and eager
                student and had already begun to study law. This he went ahead with rapidly,
                and in 1868, four years after he landed at Castle Garden, he was admitted to
                the bar. He practiced for a short time, but the profession was too slow for
                him. He was bursting with ambition and energy and found it impossible to
                confine himself to the tedious routine of a young attorney. He looked about
                for some manner of life in which he could bring all his suppressed energies into
                immediate play. He found it in journalism.

                Enters Journalism and Politics

                He became a reporter for the Westliche Post, a German paper edited by Carl
                Schurz. His first appearance in this capacity was recently described by one
                who had been at the time a reporter on an English paper as follows:

                I remember his appearance distinctly, because he apparently had dashed out
                of the office upon receiving the first intimation of whatever was happening,
                without stopping to put on his coat or collar. In one hand he held a pad of
                paper and in the other a pencil. He did not wait for inquiries, but announced
                that he was the reporter for The Westliche Post, and then he began to ask
                questions of everybody in sight. I remember to have remarked to my
                companions that for a beginner he was exasperatingly inquisitive. The manner
                in which he went to work to dig out the facts, however, showed that he was a
                born reporter.

                Mr. Pulitzer's chief ambition at that time seemed to be to root out public
                abuses and expose evildoers. In work of this kind he was particularly
                indefatigable and absolutely fearless.

                This was 1868, and before the year was over he had risen to city editor and
                later to managing editor. Still later he became part owner of the paper. In the
                meantime he had begun taking an active part in National and local politics. In
                1869 he was elected to the Missouri Legislature, though but twenty-two years
                old, and only five years after he had landed here penniless and ignorant of the
                language. In 1872 he was a delegate to the Cincinnati Convention that
                nominated Horace Greeley as the Democratic candidate for the Presidency.
                In 1874 he sold his interest in the paper and went abroad to complete his
                education, but soon returned to this country. That same year he was a
                member of the Missouri Constitutional Convention.

                During the bitter contest that followed the Tilden-Hayes campaign Mr.
                Pulitzer served The New York Sun at Washington as special correspondent
                and editorial writer. His articles were of vitriolic brilliancy and appeared over
                his own name, a departure that was rare in those days. He continued this
                work until 1878, when he again visited Europe.

                On his return in the Fall of that year he went to St. Louis, where The Evening
                Dispatch was to be sold at auction after a precarious existence of several
                years. Mr. Pulitzer bought it for $2,500. When he entered the office the next
                morning as proprietor of his own newspaper he was unable to find as much as
                a bushel of coal or a roll of white paper. More complete ruin and decay were
                never seen in a newspaper office. By impressing into service everybody within
                reach he managed to get out an issue of 1,000 copies. He set to work at once
                with characteristic energy to improve the situation. At that time the journalistic
                field in the West was occupied almost exclusively by morning papers. There
                were two other afternoon papers in St. Louis, The Post and The Star. Within
                forty-eight hours he had absorbed the Post, and the first number of The
                Post-Dispatch, which afterward became an enormous success, was issued.

                During this period his political activities continued. In 1880 he was a delegate
                to the Democratic National Convention, and in 1884 he was elected to
                Congress from a New York district. The duties of this position so interfered
                with his journalistic affairs that he resigned after a few months' service.

                Buys The New York World

                It was just at this time, in fact, that he bought the New York World from Jay
                Gould. The World had never made a striking success. It had been started in
                June, 1880, as a penny paper of absolutely blameless features, eschewing in
                its make-up intelligence of scandals, divorces, and even dramatic news. Its
                backing was ample, but it failed to make money. Mr. Pulitzer bought this
                moribund paper and took possession May 10, 1883. Enormous difficulties
                confronted him from the start.

                By the adoption of methods similar to those he had employed in St. Louis,
                however, Mr. Pulitzer soon had The World on a paying basis. Of these
                beginnings The World itself recently said:

                He was unable to expend large sums of money in the gathering of news, for
                the very excellent reason that he did not have it to spend. He did instill life and
                energy into every department of the paper on the very first day of his
                proprietorship, and in no part was the change in the character of matter
                printed more noticeable than in the news columns. But it is a fact, patent to
                any one who will turn over the files for that year, that the first impetus given to
                the new World came from the editorial page. To this Mr. Pulitzer gave his
                personal and almost undivided attention, and by this agency first impressed
                upon the public mind the fact that a new, vigorous, and potent moral force
                had sprung up in the community.

                Of late years Mr. Pulitzer's health had not been of the best, his old eye trouble
                making impracticable the prolonged devotion to work that characterized his
                early career. He had been obliged to spend much of his time abroad or at his
                country seat at Bar Harbor. But his hand was felt directing the destinies of
                The World, no matter in what corner of the globe he happened to be.

                Mr. Pulitzer had one of the most expensive households in America. He had a
                home in East Seventy-third Street, a fine estate at Bar Harbor, and another
                country place on Jekyl Island, off the Georgia coast. Also he usually had two
                or three places abroad under lease, and a 1,500-ton steam yacht that added
                $100,000 a year to his expenditures.

                His blindness made it necessary for him to have a large personal staff. No
                man kept more closely in touch with what was going on in the world, and all
                the information had to come to him by word of mouth. He could not read; he
                could not distinguish the faces of those about him. He could only listen and
                think.

                Of his homes he liked Bar Harbor best, and often remained there long after
                the Winter snow was on the ground.

                In Summer he rose early, and if the weather was fine he breakfasted on his
                own private veranda with his physician and companion, who told him the
                important events in the day's news. Then came an exhausting business session
                with his private secretary, which usually lasted two hours. Then, becoming
                weary and needing the air and sunshine, he went out to drive or to ride in an
                electric launch, ever bidding the boatman to head into the breeze.

                Then he was ready to work with his newspaper secretary, who had been
                going over the newspapers since early morning, digesting not only The World,
                but its contemporaries. Sometimes he had a visitor from the office, maybe the
                chief editorial writer or the managing editor or a reporter.

                This session usually lasted about two hours, and then Mr. Pulitzer was ready
                for luncheon with the family.

                In his entourage was usually a professional pianist, usually a German. After
                two hours of music Mr. Pulitzer had one of his staff read to him, usually a
                novel, until he was ready to sleep.

                When in New York he rode through Central Park early in the morning, but
                the hours were even more crowded with work. He completely tired out every
                one of his men who was associated with him. Also, he kept them busy when
                they were away from him. His own capacity for work was so enormous that
                he thought the tasks that would be play for him were equally easy for others.

                Since attaining affluence Mr. Pulitzer had given considerable sums to
                philanthropy, chiefly in the cause of education. To the City of New York he
                gave a dozen or more free scholarships of $250 each for poor pupils anxious
                to gain a college education. In making this annual gift Mr. Pulitzer said:

                My especial object is to help the poor; the rich can help themselves. I believe
                in self- made men. But it is not the aim of this plan to help people for ordinary
                money-making purposes. College education is not needed for that. There are
                nobler purposes in life, and my hope is not that these scholarships will make
                better butchers, bakers, brokers and bank cashiers, but that they will help to
                make teachers, scholars, physicians, authors, journalists, Judges, lawyers, and
                statesmen. They certainly ought to increase, not diminish, the number of those
                who, under our free institutions, rise from the humblest to the highest
                positions. I have not entered upon this scheme without careful thought. It was
                a dream of youth. It is the conviction of experience.

                Subsequently Mr. Pulitzer gave to Columbia University an endowment of
                $1,000,000 for the establishment of a school of journalism, which it has been
                understood would be utilized after his death.

                After he had become wealthy he often referred to his early struggles in
                conversation with his intimates. One night while strolling about the city with
                Col. John A. Cockerill, one of The World's editors, he pointed to a bench in
                Madison Square on which a poor, decayed specimen of humanity was
                stretched.

                "That," he said, "is where I also slept many a night. I had no bed when I first
                came to this city; I had no roof over my head. Every pleasant night until I
                found employment I slept upon that bench, and my summons to breakfast was
                frequently the rap of a policeman's club."

                "What did you do about rainy nights?" asked Cockerill.

                "Come with me," was the answer. Mr. Pulitzer took his companion nearly two
                miles further down Broadway, and, turning into Park Place, showed him a
                number of truck which were placed there every evening on account of the
                insufficiency of stable room in that locality. These vehicles were long and
                broad and roomy, and, while the bed of cobblestones beneath them was not
                altogether soft, yet it was drier than that furnished by an uncovered bench.
                Pointing beneath one of these, Mr. Pulitzer said: "Under such a wagon as that
                and on that spot I slept on rainy nights."

                Mr. Pulitzer was married in 1877 to Miss Kate Davis of Washington, a niece
                of Jefferson Davis. He leaves five children, Joseph Pulitzer, Jr., Ralph,
                Herbert, Constance, and Edith.

                Ralph Pulitzer married Miss Frederica Vanderbilt Webb, daughter of W.
                Seward Webb, in 1905. Joseph Pulitzer, Jr., was married last year. His wife
                was Miss Eleanor Wickham of St. Louis. Mr. Pulitzer's daughters are both
                unmarried.

                Little London Comment
                News of Mr. Pulitzer's Death Reached There Too Late
                Special Cable to THE NEW YORK TIMES

                LONDON, Oct. 30.--The news of the death of Joseph Pulitzer reached
                London too late for editorial comment in this morning's papers. In fact, only
                one paper received the news in time for publication in the regular editions.
                This was The Daily Mail, which prints half a column obituary, reciting the facts
                of Mr. Pulitzer's life.

                The Times briefly announces the death in a late edition, following it with a
                short record of Mr. Pulitzer's career, in which it says:

                "Journalism was the work of his life. The World, under Mr. Pulitzer's
                management, attained not only a huge circulation but the reputation of being
                the yellowest journal in the United States of America, a supremacy which
                even to-day is only challenged by Mr. Hearst's American."

                Praise of Pulitzer as a Journalist
                Originator of the Journalism of Action and Achievement, Says W. R.
                Hearst
                His Work for the People
                Full Testimony to Its Value Given by Editors the Country
                Over--Lessons of His Life
                By WILLIAM RANDOLPH HEARST Proprietor of The New York
                American

                Joseph Pulitzer was the founder and foremost exemplar of modern
                journalism--the great originator and exponent of the journalism of action and
                achievement.

                In his conception, the newspaper was not merely a money-making machine. It
                was the instrument of the will and power of its hundreds of thousands of
                readers, the fulcrum upon which that power could be exerted in the
                accomplishment of broad and beneficial results.

                Jospeh Pulitzer knew the necessity of making his newspapers financially
                successful, and he was an able business man, but it is as a great editor that he
                will be most honored and remembered.

                Joseph Pulitzer was a Democrat in doctrine and in deed. He came from the
                people, understood the aims and aspirations of the people, sympathized with
                the sentiments of the people, and labored to express in his newspapers the
                popular need and the popular will.

                Not the great success which Joseph Pulitzer achieved nor the great wealth
                which he accumulated, nor his association with men of selfish purposes and
                class prejudices, ever deprived him of his essential democracy or calloused
                him to the requirements of the democratic masses.

                The cause of the people Joseph Pulitzer and his newspapers ever espoused
                ably and intelligently, sympathetically and powerfully. In his death journalism
                has lost a leader, the people a champion, the Nation a valuable citizen.

                May his sons continue his far-reaching work for their father's greater glory, for
                their own reputation and for the public good.

                WILLIAM RANDOLPH HEARST
                By OSWALD GARRISON VILLARD Proprietor of The Evening Post

                Mr. Pulitzer's death removes a remarkable figure in American journalism. It is
                too soon to pass a final judgment upon his career or his influence upon the
                profession. Nor would such a critical estimate be fitting from an individual at
                this hour. But it may be permitted me to say that the evolution of The World
                into a fearless, outspoken, independent newspaper, with a trenchant editorial
                page, has made it an invaluable force on the side of the people in their battle
                against special privilege and that form of "legalized graft" known as protective
                tariff. For this Mr. Pulitzer must long be gratefully remembered, however, one
                may have differed from him in matters of journalistic taste or dissent from
                some other form his journalism has taken.

                OSWALD GARRISON VILLARD
                By ST. CLAIR McKELWAY Editor of The Brooklyn Eagle

                I have known Mr. Pulitzer for many years, and think I knew him pretty well.
                He always gave to me the impression of a man of great force, far vision,
                extraordinary audacity of thought, strong confidence in himself, and rare
                power to discern the currents and quicken the velocity of public opinion. He
                was peremptory, versatile, untiring, and could stamp his views so indelibly on
                his co-workers as to make them feel they had always been their views, which
                he had drawn out of them, instead of forced into them by his dynamic
                personality. In finance, or exploration, or manufacturing, or any grand division
                of resourcefulness he might have addressed his genius and energy to results as
                single and signal as those he wrought in journalism.

                The latter calling, however, enabled what was within him to be expended on
                what was without him. The reciprocal impact of events and himself on one
                another produced effects of which the news pages of his paper were the
                evidence, pages in which he contributed not a little and to which he inspired
                his co-workers to contribute to the limit of his power to affect them and of
                their ambition as his unconscious imitators and understands to rival, please,
                and if possible, exceed him. That was the executive, achieving, creative, or
                magnified and picturesque news side of him.

                The editorial side of him, if I may so differentiate, was essentially idealistic. His
                red-hot earnestness on that side was extraordinary. What he saw or foresaw
                he did not wait for the trailing pace of slower intelligences gradually to
                approach. His was a glorious impatience and a magnificent precipitancy. Nor
                did it matter to him that his latest convictions might conflict with his former and
                discarded impressions. Them he could shed as events showed they were
                partial and imperfect. His trend was forward. His sentiency was acute. His
                political ideality was a part of his genius, his optimism, his intellectual
                mutability, his scorn for sheer consistency which he estimated as an infirmity of
                mediocre minds, opaque to vision, and regarding Deity as worthy of worship
                only as Deity was a slight extension of themselves.

                I knew Mr. Pulitzer as well as he allowed those he had no purpose to use to
                know him. Yet I doubt I knew him thoroughly, for he had reserves of intent
                and of intensity that those nearer to him than I could probably better know or
                more accurately surmise than I. Affairs, journalism, all divisions of energy and
                endeavor will miss him, but journalism can be glad to know that his paper was
                left to his successors in such form and under such conditions as will enable
                them to continue his work on the lines of his better or best sense, to which he
                always would have his staff attain and always regretted if he ever, under the
                temperature of interest or of passion or of competition, failed himself to attain.

                ST. CLAIR McKELWAY
                By HENRY L. STODDARD Publisher of The Evening Mail

                Joseph Pulitzer was the most aggressive and forceful figure in the journalism of
                his day and will always rank among the greatest the country has ever known.
                With tremendous earnestness he devoted his whole life to his calling,
                sacrificing friendship and all else to the one purpose of making a newspaper
                that drew its strength solely from the people and gave back that strength
                solely and intensely in the people's interest.

                Mr. Pulitzer knew no other interest and had no other. Nothing was permitted
                to stand between him and his sense of public duty. He attacked fearlessly and
                pursued relentlessly. He was often wrong, cruelly wrong, but he was much
                oftener right and his career is marked with triumphs that are notable advances
                in popular government.

                HENRY L. STODDARD
                By Gen. FELIX AGNUS Publisher of The Baltimore American and
                The Baltimore Star

                BALTIMORE, Md., Oct. 29.--American journalism has lost one of its ablest
                leaders by the death of Mr. Joseph Pulitzer. While I could not approve all of
                his methods and policies, I recognized in him a strong force that made for the
                real advancement of the press of the whole country. Some of his
                achievements were well-nigh marvelous and aroused in others a determination
                to match his successes by similar successes of their own. He took The New
                York World when it was well-nigh moribund, and transformed it into one of
                the best newspapers in the United States. Such a man can have no monument
                equal to the great paper that he made.

                FELIX AGNUS
                By CHARLES GRASTY Editor of The Baltimore Sun

                BALTIMORE, Md., Oct. 29.--Mr. Pulitzer was an editor with a sense of
                public responsibility. He had a genuine sympathy with and friendship for the
                people. Whatever may be thought of his judgment of news and his method of
                presenting it, his newspapers were always vital and vibrant. He was a great
                and fearless editor, knowing neither friend nor foe, and contemptuous of
                business office considerations. The last years of his life were clouded by
                physical affliction and suffering that would have broken any but a dauntless
                spirit.

                CHARLES GRASTY
                By JOHN R. McLEAN Owner of The Cincinnati Enquirer and The
                Washington Post

                WASHINGTON, Oct. 29.--Mr. Pulitzer's death is a loss to journalism.
                Always to the fore in journalistic enterprises, fearless in the conduct of his
                paper, he will be long remembered. Vigorous in thought and action, he was
                always to be reckoned with. Most able in the editorial room, he had full
                knowledge of the details of his great business. He was by nature a partisan.
                He had strong likes and dislikes. His great ability was acknowledged by all
                who knew him. His sons will be worthy successors of their great father.

                JOHN R. McLEAN
                By H. H. KOHLSAAT Publisher of The Chicago Record-Herald

                CHICAGO, Oct. 29.--The success of the great publications which he made
                such powerful factors in modern newspaperdom tells the story of Joseph
                Pulitzer's dominating characteristics better than any other possible eulogy. The
                story of his rise from poverty and obscurity to affluence and power is proof
                that there is opportunity in this country for those who are capable and
                ambitious.

                H. H. KOHLSAAT
                By GEORGE WHEELER HINMAN Editor of The Chicago Inter
                Ocean

                CHICAGO, Oct. 29.--The death of Joseph Pulitzer is a serious loss to
                journalism. His fairness in his business dealing and his editorial policy stand
                unparalleled. His success in building up the greatest newspaper in the country
                should stand as a monument. He overcame great odds and won in the face of
                criticism. His success, attributed to a never- varying principle of justice, is his
                vindication.

                GEORGE WHEELER HINMAN
                By HORATIO W. SEYMOUR Editor of The St. Louis Republic

                ST. LOUIS, Mo., Oct. 29.--In three respects Joseph Pulitzer's influence
                upon American journalism was very great. He systematized and established
                sensation; he was the most consistent advocate of the newspaper's duty of
                public service; he did a great deal to destroy the old idea of party organ
                grinding. There were some serious faults in his journalistic code, but it had
                distinguished virtues also which will live.

                HORATIO W. SEYMOUR
                By W. R. NELSON Owner of The Kansas City Star

                KANSAS CITY, Mo., Oct. 29.--Joseph Pulitzer, I believe, was the leading
                journalist of his day, the pioneer in modernizing the newspaper. It was his
                discovery that newspapers must be entertaining. His energy, ability, and
                originality in applying this idea brought unprecedented success to The World
                and made a lasting impression on journalism. Even newspapers that believed
                his methods extreme could not escape being profoundly influenced by them.
                Blind and ill as he was much of his life, he was a tremendous factor in
                American affairs.

                W. R. NELSON
                By VICTOR ROSEWATER Editor of The Omaha Bee

                OMAHA, Neb., Oct. 29.--I believe Joseph Pulitzer will be ranked by all
                historians with the foremost of American journalists, and that he has
                impressed his personality upon American newspaper making more than any
                other one man. Although self-made, he saw the possibilities of a journalistic
                profession, as is attested by his foundation for a school of journalism in
                conjunction with Columbia University. The resolution offered by me and
                adopted by the Associated Press in 1903 congratulating him upon his purpose
                was recognition of this far-sightedness.

                VICTOR ROSEWATER
                Praise by the Press for Mr. Pulitzer Called a Newspaper Genius Who
                Brought New Life Into American Journalism
                Active in Public Welfare
                His Championship of the People Meets General Approbation--How He
                Sobered The World
                From The New York World

                A man of wide culture, commanding intellect and compelling genius died
                yesterday in Joseph Pulitzer.

                That he was much more than this by reason of his tireless zeal in the public
                service, The World is the imperfect but sincere witness. This paper is his chief
                life-work. It has been his absorbing passion, not as an end, but solely as a
                means to the expression of his ideas and ideas for human welfare.

                Mr. Pulitzer brought from his Old World association with social wrongs and
                political abuses a deeper appreciation of free government than most men feel
                who were born to a share in its birthright. He brought also a high regard for
                order and authority, and this grew stronger with him to the end. He saw no
                true progress without law; no true growth without justice; no true democracy
                that was not broad enough to shelter all.

                He saw in our Government of checked and balanced powers the highest type
                of human administration yet devised; and against strange new doctrines,
                whether of executive usurpation, or of short-cuts to hasty popular action, or
                of conquest and dominion over men of other lands and races, he burned as a
                living flame.

                Not this the place or time to tell of Joseph Pulitzer's great services to peace;
                of the lash he laid upon corruption in high place; of his practical and persistent
                leadership in movements of political reform or public purification, of his
                intense devotion to liberty and his passionate hatred of wrong and injustice.
                These are an inseparable part of the history of the United States for thirty
                years. We would do-day dwell rather upon his many manifestations of
                warm-hearted interest in lesser things that would smooth the path of the
                helpless, but that will never live in the formal records.

                Of what has been good in The World more is due to Mr. Pulitzer's power and
                his personal attention than most men would deem possible, noting his heavy
                handicap of physical infirmity and his long wanderings in search of health. Of
                its shortcomings he had been the keenest critic, and his interest was unflagging
                to the very day of his death. The cable and the telegraph have brought to it his
                constant guidance, his ever-ready protest against hasty judgment, his
                inspiration to endeavor. The high ideal he set for himself he better told than
                any one can tell for him when from his sick-bed at Wiesbaden, the day the
                corner-stone of the Pulitzer Building was laid, Oct. 10, 1889, he cabled to
                The World this message:

                God grant that this structure be the enduring home of a newspaper forever
                unsatisfied with merely printing news--forever fighting every form of
                Wrong--forever Independent-- forever advancing in Enlightenment and
                Progress--forever wedded to truly Democratic ideas--forever aspiring to be a
                Moral Force---forever rising to a higher plane of perfection as a Public
                Institution.

                God grant that The World may forever strive toward the Highest Ideals--be
                both a daily schoolhouse and a daily forum, both a daily teacher and a daily
                tribune, and instrument of Justice, a terror to crime, an aid to education, an
                exponent of true Americanism.

                Let it ever be remembered that this edifice owes its existence to the public;
                that its architect is popular favor; that its cornerstone is Liberty and Justice;
                that its every stone comes from the people and represents public approval for
                public services rendered.

                God forbid that the vast army following the standard of The World should in
                this or in future generations ever find it faithless to those ideas and moral
                principles to which alone it owes its life and without which I would rather have
                it perish. That Mr. Pulitzer himself lived by these precepts and died true to
                them the editorial page and policy of The World have been the daily witness
                for twenty-eight years.

                From The New York Tribune

                Mr. Joseph Pulitzer brought to this city from the West new ideas and a
                definite purpose, and he had the boldness and energy to carry them out. A
                pioneer in paths which have become familiar, he proved that a very large
                constituency was ready to welcome a newspaper of the kind which he was
                prepared to produce.

                The methods which he employed were unpleasing to a great number of good
                citizens, partly, no doubt, because they exemplified a passion for publicity
                which shocked conservative instincts; and that antagonism, which he probably
                regarded as a decoration rather than a reproach, has not disappeared. But we
                think that in recent years there has been little disposition to underrate the value
                of the services which the World has rendered, not without unwarranted
                judgments and grave mistakes, to the general advancement of civic and
                political morality. Nor, however opinions might otherwise differ, has it been
                possible not to feel sympathy and admiration for a man who never permitted
                physical disabilities of a peculiarly depressing nature to impede the activities of
                a keen and powerful mind.

                From The New York Herald

                The death of Mr. Joseph Pulitzer ends a remarkable and dramatic career. His
                life was a romance, showing what can be accomplished in a country like
                America. He came to the United States a young man, very poor, quite
                unknown, and the unthinking who met him at that time might have said
                hopelessly handicapped. But instead of being handicapped he was powerfully
                equipped with wonderful originality, phenomenal insight, and bewildering
                energy. He was essentially the architect of his own fortune. When he reached
                the zenith of his power about twenty-four years ago he was 40 years old.
                Few men ever accomplished so much at that age.

                From The New York Press

                For years newspaper workers have known of the very delicate health of Mr.
                Joseph Pulitzer, proprietor of The New York World. Yet perhaps the shock
                of his death came to none with more force than to those of his own calling.
                And this because, though long virtually blind and sorely tried with other ills, he
                had continued to be a tremendous power in American journalism and politics.

                By all newspaper men of impartial judgment he was regarded as the foremost
                editor and publisher of his day. Incomparable was his success in winning
                readers to his publications. Beyond all other newspaper makers in the United
                States he held them to his way of thinking. Away from his paper, hundreds of
                miles in the United States or thousands on the other side of the Atlantic in
                search of better health, he never took his touch off the intimate details of the
                huge business of his properties.

                From The Buffalo Express

                Mr. Pulitzer's history differs only in detail from that of many successful
                newspaper men of his time. At the outset they cut their coat according to their
                cloth by making the sort of paper that is immediately salable--sensationally
                yellow, fighting to attract attention, neither too fair nor too truthful. At any rate
                the sobering process began in The World and has continued until now, when
                The New York World is one of the fairest and most accurate, as well as one
                of the most interesting, newspapers in the country. Nor is such virtue its own
                reward. The World is more prosperous now than it ever was before.

                From The Buffalo Courier

                A great journalist is dead and The World is his monument. His constructive
                ability was remarkable, so was his industry. Mr. Pulitzer's career closed
                before he became an old man, as literary and professional men are classed.
                The World's history and Mr. Pulitzer's for the last twenty-eight years are
                closely identified. He made his newspaper one of the powers of the continent.
                His clear understanding of the American people and their institutions, and his
                abundant genius gained him his extraordinary success.

                From The Boston Globe
                One of the giants of journalism, not only of this country, but of the
                world, passed on to his reward when Joseph Pulitzer died yesterday.

                His career ws one of the most brilliant, inspiring, and successful that has ever
                been known in the journalism of the world. From the time he started as a
                reporter in St. Louis he showed positive genius as a journalist. No obstacle
                was too great for him to overcome. He had the nerve to buy a bankrupt
                newspaper, which was sold by auction for $2,000, and in a few years made it
                a stanch and permanent success. In 1883 he had the pluck to buy a failing
                newspaper in New York, one which had lost hundreds of thousands of
                dollars, and in a single year put it on a sound, substantial basis.

                Personally, Mr. Pulitzer was one of the most charming and entertaining men of
                his time, as those who knew him intimately can readily testify. He was
                devoted to his profession. He believed in publicity as a means of promoting
                what was best for the people and to expose graft and wrongdoing. He was
                ever earnest in promoting with all his mighty power what he believed was for
                the greatest good of the greatest number.

                From The Springfield Republican

                Joseph Pulitzer had a genius for touching the heart through his newspapers.
                He was the father of modern yellow journalism, as the elder Bennett was of
                the earlier type, and he has had a vast influence in creating the character of the
                press of to-day, a mixture of good and evil qualities, with the evil rather
                dominating.

                Pulitzer was, however, a sincere Democrat, a real lover of the masses, and he
                honestly tried to serve them. He had been a valiant fighter in behalf of many
                popular causes. He had a tender heart and generous instincts, and a strongly
                sentimental nature. It must in justice be said that he had never attained the
                editorial influence upon the thought of the country of which he was ambitious.

                From The Pittsburgh Post

                In American journalism Joseph Pulitzer occupied a position that was unique.
                He transformed The World from a position of original sensationalism into one
                of the greatest newspapers of distinctive features that made it one of the most
                popular of the foremost journals of the country. He possessed a peculiar
                constructiveness that was his own, and which had an influence on journalism
                throughout the country.

                From The Cleveland Leader

                One of the greatest journalists that ever controlled an American newspaper or
                left his impression upon American life has closed a strenuous and brilliant
                career. Joseph Pulitzer leaves a gap in the public life of his adopted country
                which will be felt in the profession and out of it.

                It is not necessary to subscribe to Mr. Pulitzer's doctrines as to all great
                questions or to ignore the faults and mistakes of his able and masterful
                newspapers in order to recognize the heavy credit balance which his career
                piled up. He paid well for the opportunities his chosen country gave him. His
                rise, no less than his services as a great publisher and editor, must be an
                inspiration to a multitude of ambitious and stout-hearted young men.

                From The Cleveland Plain Dealer

                Joseph Pulitzer was without question one of the most important figures in the
                history of American journalism. The work that he did was great and varied.
                But perhaps his greatest achievement was his changing when he knew that the
                time had come to change.

                Aghast, perhaps, at the storm he had raised, but more probably firmly
                convinced that "yellowness" and extreme sensationalism could not retain a
                newspaper permanently in the esteem of the people, Mr. Pulitzer executed a
                remarkable right-about-face. The World editorially became one of the sanest,
                ablest, most unbiased newspapers ever published. Its news columns, while
                still delighting in playing the news for all it was worth, lost their distinctive
                "yellowness."

                The World to-day ranks as one of the most respected newspapers in
                America. It has quite lived down its former reputation. And, fortunately, Mr.
                Pulitzer lived to see the rehabilitation made complete.

                From The Charleston News and Courier

                But little known to the public at large, Joseph Pulitzer was nevertheless one of
                the most remarkable men of his generation. It may well be doubted whether
                any other exercised so extended an influence upon the journalism of the last
                thirty years. The transformation which was wrought in newspaper methods
                under his leadership is a story familiar to many. Not so generally known, but if
                anything more extraordinary, has been the manner in which Mr. Pulitzer has
                gained and controlled during the last twenty years the great newspaper
                property which he brought into existence.

                From The Boston Post

                With the death of Joseph Pulitzer, the greatest figure in American journalism
                passes from the scene.

                There have been notable newspaper men before him--Bennett, Greely,
                Raymond, Dana, Childs, Medill, and others, men of wonderful sagacity,
                capacity, and enterprise. But for the most part they were men of high
                development in one particular direction. Mr. Pulitzer had a many-sided
                personality, and he excelled in almost every direction.